1. Particles In Action

2. Lesson 1: Absolute Zero Learning Objectives: describe the term absolute zero convert between Kelvin and Celsius scales of temperature describe how the temperature of a gas relates to the speed and kinetic energy of its particles recognise that the Kelvin temperature of a gas and the average kinetic energy of its particles are directly proportional.

3. Starter Draw the particles in a solution which has been heated and one that is cold.

4. Kinetic Theory Model Change your movement according to the volume.

5. Absolute zero exists at -273 o C

6. http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?c3=1&mid=48&lhttp://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?c3=1&mid=48&l=

7. Celsius to Kelvin? To change 100 °C into Kelvin just add 273. So 100 °C = (100 + 273) K = 373 K. What are the following temperatures in Kelvin? 0 °C, 20 °C, 37 °C, 500 °C, -5 °C, -169 °C

8. Kelvin to Celsius? To change 100 K into Celsius just subtract 273. So 500 K = (500 - 273) K = 227 °C. What are the following temperatures in Celsius? 0 K, 200 K, 300 K, 1 000 K

9. Making Thermometers 1.Fill a bowl with crushed ice. 2.Put a little coloured dye in the flask, then fill it to the top with crushed ice. Stand it in the bowl with crushed ice and leave it for 15 mins. 3.Push the rubber bung on, and mark the level of the risen liquid. 4.Then put the flask into a water bath and leave for 15 mins. 5.Mark the new level. 6.Divide the distance between the two marks into 5 equal divisions. Each division will represent 10 degrees. 7.Leave the flask on the bench for 15 mins, and mark the new level.

10. How would you describe this relationship?

11. At __________ (–273 ºC or 0 K) particles __________ moving. You convert ºC to K by adding __________. Increasing the __________ increases the speed of the particles. The _________ in a gas are continually colliding with each other. The kelvin temperature and the average __________ energy of the particles are directly __________ to each other (i.e. double the __________ temperature, __________ the kinetic energy). 273absolute zerodoublekelvin kinetic particles proportional stop temperature

12. Plenary Explain how we can move from degrees Celsius to degrees Kelvin and back again

13. Plenary Explain how we can move from degrees Celsius to degrees Kelvin and back again Explain why this weather balloon is released when more gas could be added

14. http://www.chem.ufl.edu/~itl/2045/MH_sims/ideal_nav.swf

15. Charles Law Simulation http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/gaslaw/charles_law.html

16. Kinetic Theory Model http://www.practicalphysics.org/go/Experiment_365.html

17. http://penguincentral.com/pics/gallery/S-131/96ilc31k.jpg