1. ROOTS 1+2
Advocacy toolkit

2. Section F1 Advocacy Cycle Stage 3 Planning: Putting it all together

3. Section F1: Why planning matters
Clarifies what we are trying to achieve and how we will get there
Allocates resources and responsibilities
Ensures accountability, and participation, by communities, donors and allies
Forces us to think ahead
Helps us understand risks and assumptions
Provides a benchmark to assess progress

4. Section F1: Developing a Theory of Change
INPUTS
(Resources)
Staff
Funds
Equipment
Facilities
Supplies
Contacts
ACTIVITIES
(Services)
Training
Research
Awareness-raising
Lobbying
Mobilising
Using media
Monitoring
OUTPUTS
(Products)
Research reports
People trained
Lobby meetings
People mobilised
Increased awareness
OUTCOMES
(Results)
Issue is debated in public realm
Research findings are acted on
Relationships are built with MPs
Policies are amended
IMPACT
(Ultimate goal)
Policies and practices are being fairly outworked
Improved quality of life
Greater well-being
New social norms

5. Section F1: Setting advocacy indicators
Advocacy is ‘messy’
Advocacy timeframes are long
External factors are unpredictable
Advocacy relies on cooperation
Poverty reduction is multi-dimensional
Sometimes change is only partial
Traditional monitoring is inappropriate
Data gathering is complicated

6. Section F1: Activity indicators
These measure the extent to which planned tasks and actions have been implemented. For example:
Capacity building initiatives undertaken
Research reports completed and disseminated
Lobby meetings attended
Letters / s / postcards / petitions sent and received
Press releases issued

7. Section F1: Output indicators
These measure the extent to which services, processes, products or events have been achieved or delivered because of activities.
For example:
Number of new relationships forged with allies
Number of people mobilised to campaign
Number of campaigning actions taken
Public references to research reports
Media articles or opinion pieces published

8. Section F1: Outcome indicators
These measure short-term and medium-term changes that have been achieved because of outputs. For example:
Issue being debated in public realm
MPs considering issue in policymaking forums
Civil society advocacy capacity strengthened
Relationships with government officials established
Draft legislation on issue out for consultation
Creation of a new law on issue

9. Section F1: Impact indicators
These indicate what contribution has been made towards long-term change as a result of the outcomes. For example:
Implementation of a government law or policy
Access to health care for all
Provision of water and sanitation
Citizens empowered to engage with government
A significant reduction in gender-based violence

10. Section F1: Creating advocacy messages
What is the issue?
What are the causes and effects of the issue?
Who are the key stakeholders?
What do we think needs to change and why?
Who has power to bring about change and what do we want them to do?