1. MRS. CHANG PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEER Literacy Tutoring

2. & INTRODUCTIONS Welcome

3. Training Agenda What makes a good tutor? What reading skills to children need? What reading activities can I do at home?

4. A Good Tutor #1 Goal: Motivate students to want to read

5. Why do students struggle with reading? 1. Learning disability 2. Different learning style 3. Absence from school 4. Little support at home 5. Fear or shame

6. Positive Reinforcement What positive and encouraging things can you say when the child gets something right? What positive and encouraging things can you say or do, even when the child gets something wrong?

7. A Good Tutor Child-centered Sensitive and respectful Caring Realistic Enthusiastic Encouraging Commitment and patience

8. Taking short-cuts

9. THE BUILDING BLOCKS Reading

10. Pre-Reading Skills What is a sound? What does “same” and “different” mean? Letters vs. Numbers vs. Words  Sorting  Counting Letters represent sounds

11. Pre-reading Skills Rhymes First sound (phoneme) Last sound Middle sound Blending sounds Syllables Sound manipulation

12. More Pre-Reading Skills Alphabet  Alphabet song  Spelling and writing your name  Writing and pointing out letters Letter sounds/phonemes

13. Phonemes One sound  B,d,f,j,k,p,t,z Hard and soft  C,g Two or more sounds  S,w,y Trouble letters  H,l,m,n,q,r,x Short vowels  apple/ackee, elephant, iguana/igloo, octopus, umbrella 2 Letters 1 Sound  Th, wh, ch, sh, ph

14. Teaching Phonemes Introduce with pictures and/or actions Chants and songs Flashcards

15. Blending phonemes Blending on your arm Say it slowly, say it fast Slide or train image

17. Reading skills Sounding out words Sight words Fluency Comprehension

18. Teaching sight words Flashcards Word search Spelling (out loud or in writing) Copying in writing Bingo

19. Effective Teaching with Flashcards Word lists (Dolch, vocabulary) 3 second rule 3 to 5 words at a time Repetition

20. Tips for Reading Aloud Good Pace Involve the audience Read Books at an Appropriate Level Discuss and predict  What do you think this story will be about?  What do you think will happen next? Why do you think that?  What does it mean when it says “___”?  What just happened? Be Expressive

21. Questions for Stories Self connections  That reminds me of…  That made me think of the time that…  I can relate… Other text connections  This part is just like…  I read another book where… World connections  This is like…  I know about this… but I didn’t know that.

22. Children Reading WRAP UP AND QUESTIONS