1. ARA Chevron Lummus Global Blue Sun Energy
HEFA SKA Update
ARA
Chevron Lummus Global
Blue Sun Energy
Chuck Red

2. Biofuels ISOCONVERSION (BIC) Jointly Developed by ARA and Chevron Lummus Global
Petroleum JP-8
Catalytic Hydrothermolysis (CH) converts renewable feed stocks directly into cracked and cyclized hydrocarbons
Fuels meet petroleum specs without blending
Hydrotreating saturates residual olefins and removes residual oxygen
Carinata ReadiJet

3. Pilot Production Campaigns 2012 & 2013
Specification, Rig, FFP, Engine, & Flight Testing
Feed Stocks
Hydrotreating
Organization
Fuels
Testing
Carinata & waste vegetable oil
Chevron Richmond, CA
AFRL
JP-8
Spec & limited FFP
Rolls-Royce
Jet A-1
Spec & rig
NRC-IAR Canada
Ground & flight tests
Canola
AFRL WPAFB, OH
Jet A
SwRI
FFP suite
PWC
PW615 engine test
Distillers grain corn oil
AFRL WPAFB, OH AARAF Pilot
Honeywell Aerospace
APU testing for FAA
Other TBD
Jet testing TBD

4. Catalytic Hydrothermolysis (CH) - Pathway Biofuels ISOCONVERSION (BIC)Process = CH + Hydrotreating (Chevron Lummus Global)
Feed Stocks
Intermediate Products
Triglycerides
Plant oils
Tallow
Algal oils
Fatty acids
n-paraffins
Iso paraffins
Cycloparaffins
Aromatics
Olefins
Organic acids
Jet Fuel
“Drop-in”
ASTM D1655
Equivalent
w/o blending
CH Conversion
Hydrogenation Fractionation
Water
Hydrogen
D4054
Timeline
NRC Flight test on 100% ReadiJet
Fit-for-Purpose testing
Start-up 100 bpd demo plant
Submit Research Report
Ballot Research report
2nd Pilot production
“HEFA SKA”
Task Force
Formed
3rd Pilot prod
On-site OEM/ TF meeting
PW 615
test
Ballot HEFA SKA spec
1st Pilot production
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015

5. Comparison of Production Campaigns Specification Test Results (Provided by AFRL & AFPET)

6. Process Operating Conditions Provide Total Control of Product Quality
Parameters
CH Conversion
Equates to FCC hydrocracking, Isom
Hydrotreating
Conventional Refining Practice
Fractionation
Aromatic content X
Acid number
Density
Freezing point
Flash Point
Hydrogen content
Olefin content
Trace metals
Thermal stability
Viscosity

7. Aromatic Compound Distribution
Three Pilot Campaigns
3 Different Feed Stocks
2 Different CH Pilot Systems
2 Different Hydrotreaters

8. Major Milestones
Spring and Summer 2012 – Executed two pilot production campaigns
27 Jun 2012 – The “HEFA SKA” Task Force was established
Synthetic kerosene with aromatics and cycloparaffins
29 October 2012 – conducted first test flight on 100% renewable jet fuel
“One of 2012’s 25 most important scientific events” – Popular Science
16 Jan 2013 – Executed agreement with Blue Sun Energy
Construction of a 100 bbl/day pilot demonstration system
27 Feb 2013 –Task Force/OEM meeting at ARA in Panama City, FL
17 Apr 2013 – Received Award “Best New Fuel of 2012” – Biofuels Digest
May Completed Fit-for-Purpose testing (SwRI)
Jul-Aug 2013 – Completed Engine Test at PWC on PW615 Turbofan (FAA)
Sep-Oct 2013 – Completed 3rd pilot production campaign
Nov 2013 – Rolls-Royce completed rig testing (FAA CLEEN)
Jun-Nov 2013 – Engineering & fabrication for a 100 bbl/day pilot system
Dec 2013 – Mar 2014 – Installation, commissioning, 24/7 operation

9. 100 BBL/day Demonstration System Blue Sun Energy – St Joseph, MO

10. Looking Forward Submit research report for OEM review
Honeywell Aerospace is conducting preliminary tests
Review comments at June ASTM meeting – TF meeting
Develop draft Annex to ASTM D7566 – Similar to Annex 2
No change to Table 1 requirements
Establish limit on aromatic content of vol%
Incorporate controls developed by Cliff Moses for SPK/A
Remove limit on cycloparaffin content
Change density range to kg/m3

11. cred@ara.com treegorton@gmail.com
Questions