1. 10/1/2015 Compare and Contrast 3 aspects of Egyptian and Sumerian culture. Which would you rather live in? Why?

2. E MPIRES OF THE F ERTILE C RESCENT

3. A KKADIANS B ABYLONIANS 2330 B.C. First to conquer Sumerians Spread empire to Mediterranean Lasted 150 Years 1792 B.C. Conquered by Hammurabi Babylon Code of Hammurabi: Laws “Eye for an Eye” Religion was based on success Priests could see future

4. H ITTITES A SSYRIANS 1600 B.C. War-Like People from Asia Minor Had to pay a fine for breaking law Allowed religious freedom Too far from home to stay – remained powerful force 900-650 B.C. King had ALL power Mighty Empire Included all of Israel/Egypt Used chariots and cavalry Enslaved people & killed captured soldiers Destroyed Babylon Eventually civil war tore them apart 

5. C HALDEANS P ERSIANS 615-540 B.C. Nebuchadnezzar Rebuilt Babylon Trading flourished Became very wealthy Smart in: Math Astronomy 539-330 B.C. Biggest Empire ever in that point in history Persian Kings: Fair with taxes/law Religious freedom Built roads to link everything Greece eventually conquered them

7.  City-states each governed by a different King  Region had little fertile land and Lebanon Mtns. blocked the way, so they turned to trading on the sea  Seaports of Tyre and Sidon became world famous

8.  Their ships weren’t awesome, but their sailors were highly skilled  Became the greatest traders in the ancient world  Established colonies all over the Mediterranean region which became the centers for trade  North Africa  Sicily  Sardinia  Malta  Spain

9.  Important natural resource….lumber  The Lebanon Mtns. were full of cedar trees  Skilled in metal - gold and silver  Invented the art of glassblowing  Shellfish gathered to make purple dye  Favorite color of the rich and royal  Became known as royal purple  Exported other goods - fish, linen, olive oil, and wine

10.  Government and customs resembled those of Egyptians and Babylonians  They believed in an afterlife  Wanted to be in good favor with a God so….  They even sacrificed their own children  Never had a major empire and eventually conquered by the Assyrians BUT…..  One major contribution was……?

11.  Became the model for our alphabet  Developed the use of writing in their businesses  To draw up contracts and record bills  Advantage?  They kept records of transactions!  Greeks adopted it – vowel sounds  Finally Romans got a hold of it – what we have now

12.  Western portion of Asia Minor was called Lydia  They had one huge contribution to history…..?

13.  600 B.C. - First civilization to coin money  Originally used salt, shells, or stones  Began issuing small kidney-bean-shaped pieces of gold and silver  Soon stamped them with pictures of rulers and values  Why is this important?

14.  Before money, traders had to rely on barter  Barter:  The exchange of one good or service for another  Two people could strike a bargain only if each could offer goods or services that the other wanted  Use of money allowed traders to set prices for goods and services thus developing a money economy:  Based on using money with value