1. Rise of the Ku Klux Klan 1920s

2. Reasons for Increase Modernization and Urbanization Migration of blacks to the Northern Cities Increased immigration due to the Industrial Revolution Rise of unions

3. Membership Men and women Professionals (doctors, lawyers, teachers, etc.), “blue-collar” workers (factory workers, etc.), and farmers. Politicians (local, state, and national) – Georgia: 35% of government officials belonged to the KKK (1923) – Over 25 percent of native-born men and 12% of native born women in the state of Indiana were official members of the Ku Klux Klan (1920s) [Hopkins, Ben B., How the KKK Was Born in the South]

4. National Membership in the KKK (in millions)

5. Membership Cards

6. Demonstrations

8. Lynching

9. Resistance to the KKK Writers and Journalists Activist Groups NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) Churches Harlem Renaissance artists, writers, etc.

11. The KKK today Membership in the South: approximately 6,000 (harder to track since the movement is no longer mainstream).

12. These are part of the stated objectives of the Ku Klux Klan today (compiled from KKK recruitment literature): – Reassert America's White Christian heritage. – Return prayer to school. – Stop all non-white immigration. – Quarantine all AIDS carriers. – Make the purchase of American industry and property by foreigners illegal. – Do away with free trade that harms the American worker and employ a policy of protectionism. – Troops on our southern border to stop the entry of illegal aliens. – Stop reverse discrimination by doing away with Affirmative Action. – Declare all laws attempting to enforce gun control as unconstitutional.

13. Questions: With all of the advancements our country has made toward equality and tolerance (extending equal rights under the 14 th Amendment, end of legal segregation, Civil Rights Movement, expanded education), why do groups like the KKK still exist? The KKK has changed from a mainstream organization that operated out in the open (1920’s era) to a more secretive, underground organization that represents a very small minority of U.S. citizens (today). What does this change illustrate about the changing nature of racism in America?