1. Causes of the Civil War

2. Tariff of 1828 What is a tariff? The North wanted the tariff passed to get the South to buy more homemade goods. The South objected because they were not asked if they wanted to pay a tariff. S.C. threatened to nullify the law then secede the Union. The South said the tariff was a violation of states’ rights.

3. Missouri Compromise Missouri asked to join as a slave state. Problem: upset the balance in Congress. Compromise: Missouri would be slave state Maine would be a free state Anything above the 36’ 30° line of latitude would be free of slaves (except Missouri).

4. Missouri Compromise

5. Compromise of 1850 California had a gold rush in 1849 when John Sutter discovered gold on his land. Soon after, California requested statehood. Problem: Again, this would upset the balance in Congress.

6. Compromise of 1850 California would join as a free state. Fugitive Slave Act was passed- runaway slaves had to be returned to their owner. Washington D.C. abolished slavery. The territories of New Mexico and Utah could decide on the issue of slavery.

7. Compromise of 1850

8. The Georgia Platform Georgia’s General Assembly met to discuss the Compromise of 1850. Georgia decided to support the compromise because Georgia was not ready for secession.

9. Dred Scott v. Sanford Dred Scott was a slave from Missouri that once lived with his owner in a free state. He sued for his freedom in the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled that he was a slave and did not have the right to sue. Remember: slaves were not citizens then.

10. Underground Railroad Was not underground nor was it a railroad! Series of safehouses and churches ran by abolitionists to help slaves reach freedom in Canada. Famous conductor: Harriet Tubman

11. Abolitionists Wanted to abolish slavery: Harriet Tubman Frederick Douglass John Brown Harriet Beecher Stowe Abraham Lincoln

12. Kansas-Nebraska Act Kansas and Nebraska Territories wanted to join the U.S. Popular Sovereignty- the citizens there were allowed to vote on the issue of slavery. This led to a mini- civil war known as “Bleeding Kansas.”

13. Raid at Harper’s Ferry On 1859, John Brown (abolitionist) led a raid at the arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA. Brown tried to get slaves involved by giving weapons. That didn’t work. President Buchanan sent the military in. 10 died and Brown was wounded. Brown was hanged for treason.

14. Election of 1860 Abraham Lincoln ran on a platform to end slavery. Was elected in 1860. This led the southern states to begin seceding the Union (U.S.). South Carolina, naturally, was the first to secede.

15. Alexander Stephens and Georgia’s Response to the Election Alexander Stephens, a GA politician, and three other men were known as “cooperationists.” They did not want Georgia to secede the Union. They were outvoted and Georgia seceded on January 19, 1861.

16. Confederate States of America GA’s capital at this time: Milledgeville GA’s Governor: Joseph Brown Jefferson Davis- President of the Confederacy Alexander Stephens- VP of the Confederacy