1. Warm Up # 35
1. What does this cartoon say about the first Four children seated in the front?
2. What does this cartoon say about the Black, Indian, and Chinese children?

2. Reasons We went to War with Spain
1. The Maine
2. Imperialist Tendencies
3. War crimes committed by Spain
4. Fear another country may get Cuba
5. Reunion of the North and South
6. Cuba Libre
7. Cuban Americans in Florida
8. Secure the Sugar Plantations owned by Americans in Cuba

3. CUBA LIBRE!!!!

4. The New Navy
Alfred Mahan argued that overseas markets were essential for industrial surpluses
Large merchant marine, strong navy needed

5. The New Navy
1889: Secretary of Navy Benjamin Tracy supervised a program of naval construction
U.S. gained offensive capability at sea

6. War with Spain The war increased overseas possessions
It also gained U.S. recognition as a “world power”
Americans became convinced they had a special destiny

7. A War for Principle February, 1895: Rebellion in Cuba
“Yellow press” whipped up U.S. sentiment to favor Cuban independence
McKinley gained Spanish concessions
February, 1898: Explosion of the Maine
April 19: Congress declared Cuba independent, passed “Teller Amendment”
April 25: U.S. declared war on Spain

8. Yellow Journalism

9. Yellow Journalism Today

10. “A Splendid Little War”
U.S. regular army small, ill-prepared
Problems of equipment and supply
Regulars possessed latest Krag-Jorgensen rifles
Guard units possessed old Springfield rifles
Most soldiers fight in National Guard units

11. Rough Riders

12. “Smoked Yankees” African Americans served in army Guard units
Black troops resisted segregation
African American soldiers won 26 Certificates of Merit, 5 Congressional Medals of Honor

13. The Course of the War
May 1: Commodore George Dewey captured Manila Bay
June: Cuba invaded
July: Santiago surrendered, Puerto Rico occupied
August 13: Philippines surrendered

14. Spanish-American War: Pacific Theater

15. Spanish-American War: Caribbean Theater
In the initial engagement, the Americans sunk most of the Spanish Ships….
-No American Ships were lost
-The Americans only connected on 3% of the shells that they fired but still sunk almost every Spanish Ship Targeted.
-Now That’s Naval Superiority!

16. Acquisition of Empire
Fate of the Philippines was the thorniest issue at the peace negotiations
December, 1898: Treaty of Paris
Cuba independent
U.S. acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines

17. The Treaty of Paris Debate
Debate over annexation of the Philippines
Opponents formed the Anti-Imperialist League
Against big armies, government, and debt
Republican ideals incompatible with imperialism
February, 1899: Ratification of peace treaty made U.S. a colonizing nation

18. American Empire, 1900

19. Guerrilla Warfare in the Philippines
1898–1901: Emilio Aguinaldo led Philippine independence movement
Filipinos used guerilla war tactics, U.S. adopted tactics Spanish used in Cuba
1901: U.S. replaced military with civil rule
Local self-government permitted
Schedule established for independence
July 4, 1946: Philippine independence

20. Damn, Damn, Damn, the Filipinos
Damn, Damn, Damn the Filipinos ln that land of dopy dreams, happy peaceful Philippines, Where the bolo-man is hiking night and day; Where Tagalos steal and lie, where Americanos die, There you hear the soldiers sing this evening lay:
chorus: Damn, damn, damn the Filipinos, cross-eyed kakiack ladrones, Underneath our starry flag, civilize 'em with a Krag, And return us to our own beloved homes.

21. World Colonial Empires, 1900

22. EXAMPLE 1: Judge, 1899

23. EXAMPLE 2: Life, 1899

24. SET A : Cartoon Judge, 1899

25. SET A : Cartoon Life, 1900

26. SET B : Cartoon 1
Judge, 1899

27. SET B : Cartoon 2
Life, 1900

28. SET C : Cartoon 1
Puck, 1901

29. SET C : Cartoon 2
Life, 1898

30. SET D : Cartoon 2
Life, 1899

31. SET E :Cartoon 1
Judge, 1899

32. SET E : Cartoon 2
The World, 1898

33. SET F : Cartoon Judge, 1900

34. SET F : Cartoon Life, 1899