1. 1 of 11 The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4: The Age of Napoleon Witness History Audio: Enter Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Rises to Power Napoleon was a military hero to the French and moved from being a general to being a member of a three-man Consulate who ruled France. Through votes by French citizens, he then rose to First Consul and eventually to Emperor.

2. Napoleon Reforms France Napoleon’s government valued order and authority. He made reforms to improve the economy and made peace with the Catholic Church. He also instituted a new code of laws that recognized the equality of all citizens under the law. 2 of 11 The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4: The Age of Napoleon Color Transparency 108: Bonaparte Crossing the Alps at the Grand-St.-Bernard, by Jacques Louis David Note Taking Transparency 78 Witness History Audio: The British Against Napoleon

3. Napoleon Builds an Empire Napoleon’s armies invaded and annexed the Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Italy and Germany. In lands he didn’t control militarily, he tried to place friends and relatives in positions of power. Britain, however, successfully resisted Napoleon’s actions through the force of its navy. 3 of 11 The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4: The Age of Napoleon Geography Interactive: Napoleon’s Power in Europe, 1812

4. Napoleon’s Empire Faces Challenges When Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812, other countries began to revolt against French occupation and culture. There were not enough soldiers to secure each territory and strike at Russia. To make matters worse, Russian troops had burned crops and villages along the French route, leaving them without food or shelter during the brutal winter. 4 of 11 The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4: The Age of Napoleon Witness History Video: Napoleon’s Lost Army

5. Napoleon Falls from Power France’s Russian disaster gave birth to the alliance of Russia, Britain, Austria, and Prussia. They defeated France in 1813. Napoleon was sent into exile on the island of Elba, and the monarchy was restored in France. Napoleon then escaped Elba and returned to rule for a short time, until his troops were beaten again in battle. He died while in exile on the island of St. Helena, but his conquests helped to spread the ideas of the French revolution throughout Europe and Russia. 5 of 11 The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4: The Age of Napoleon Color Transparency 111: Two Kings of Terror

6. Leaders Meet at the Congress of Vienna At the Congress of Vienna, European leaders tried to create a lasting peace by placing strong countries around France and by protecting the system of monarchy. Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Great Britain maintained their alliance. Nationalism, however, would come back to haunt Europe soon enough. 6 of 11 The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4: The Age of Napoleon Color Transparency 112: Europe After the Congress of Vienna Geography Interactive: Europe After the Congress of Vienna, 1815 QuickTake Section Quiz Progress Monitoring Transparency QuickTake Section Quiz

7. The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 4 Color Transparency 108: Bonaparte Crossing the Alps at the Grand-St.-Bernard, by Jacques Louis David 7 of 11

8. The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 4 Note Taking Transparency 78 8 of 11

9. The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 4 Color Transparency 111: The Two Kings of Terror 9 of 11

10. The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 4 Color Transparency 112: Europe After the Congress of Vienna 10 of 11

11. The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 4 Progress Monitoring Transparency 11 of 11