1. Chapter 5.5-5.6

2.  Differentiate between the following:  Paracrine  Endocrine  Autocrine

4.  Cytoplasmic receptor proteins  Membrane bound receptor proteins  G-protein linked receptors  Receptor tyrosine kinases  Ligand gated ion channels  Be able to compare and contrast each of the above.  Know what type of signals activate each  Provide examples of each

5. How do they work? What is different about the chemistry of the signals?

6. How does it work? What is different about the GDP to GTP transition as compared to the GTP to GDP transition?

7. How does it work?

9. Second messengers Phosphorylation cascades

10. What are they? Examples? Advantages to using them?

12. What are they? Advantages?

13.  How does a cell regulate this process?  While the number of “steps” creates increased regulation, it also creates increased risk of malfunction. Explain.

14. Likely responses to a signal???

17. How does caffeine interfere with a signaling pathway to keep us “perky”? - adenosine receptor antagonist - inhibitor of cAMP phosphodiesterase Be able to explain the epinephrine pathway from signal to response!