1. Presentation for All India Service Officers under PMKSY MICROIRRIGATION FOR ENHANCING WATER PRODUCTIVITY T. B. S. Rajput Emeritus Scientist Water Technology Centre, IARI, New Delhi

2. Evolution of Indian Irrigation: Era of adaptive irrigation up to 1830 COMMUNITY

3. Evolution of Indian Irrigation: Era of adaptive irrigation up to 1830 COMMUNITY Era of canal construction 1830-1970 STATE

4. Evolution of Indian Irrigation: Era of adaptive irrigation up to 1830 COMMUNITY Era of canal construction 1830-1970 STATE Era of pump Irrigation 1970-todate INDIVIDUAL FARMER

6. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

7. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

8. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

9. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

10. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

11. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

12. Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater

13. IRRIGATION ???

14. IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation

15. IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation Check basin irrigation

16. IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation Check basin irrigation Furrow irrigation

17. Sprinklers Micro sprinklers Misters/ Foggers Drip systems IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation Check basin irrigation Furrow irrigation * Micro irrigation

19. Conventional surface irrigation

20. Conventional surface irrigation Drip irrigation

21. MICROIRRIGATION Micro-irrigation: “an irrigation method that applies water slowly to roots of plants, by depositing water either on the soil surface or directly to the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, emitters.” Simcha Blass

22. MICROIRRIGATION Micro-irrigation: “an irrigation method that applies water slowly to roots of plants, by depositing water either on the soil surface or directly to the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, emitters.” Simcha Blass

23. MICROIRRIGATION Micro-irrigation: “an irrigation method that applies water slowly to roots of plants, by depositing water either on the soil surface or directly to the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, emitters.” Simcha Blass Overhead laterals Surface palced laterals Sub surface placed laterals Annular space placed

24. Adoption of Drip Widely spaced fruit crops Widely spaced Orchards

25. Adoption of Drip Close spaced row crops Widely spaced fruit crops Row crops (Vegetables) Widely spaced Orchards

26. Adoption of Drip Close spaced row crops Widely spaced fruit crops Row crops (Vegetables) Water guzzling crop, rice Closely spaced cereals, wheat Widely spaced Orchards

27. FERTIGATION

28. Fertigation equipments FERTIGATION

29. NutrientFUE (%) Conven tional Dri p Drip + Fert. Nitrogen30-506595 Phosphorous203045 Potassium506080 Fertilizer use efficiency Fertigation equipments FERTIGATION

30. NutrientFUE (%) Conven tional Dri p Drip + Fert. Nitrogen30-506595 Phosphorous203045 Potassium506080 Fertilizer use efficiency Fertigation equipments FERTIGATION

33. Different kinds of micro sprinkler/ sprinkler systems

37. DripSprinklerTotal Cereals-27.6 Pulses-7.6 Oil seeds3.81.14.9 Cotton7.01.88.8 Vegetables3.62.46.0 Spices1.41.02.4 Flowers-1.0 Sugarcane4.3- Fruits3.9- Plantation3.0- Total27.042.569.5 Micro irrigation potential, Mha SCOPE AND STATUS OF MICROIRRIGATION IN INDIA

38. DripSprinklerTotal Cereals-27.6 Pulses-7.6 Oil seeds3.81.14.9 Cotton7.01.88.8 Vegetables3.62.46.0 Spices1.41.02.4 Flowers-1.0 Sugarcane4.3- Fruits3.9- Plantation3.0- Total27.042.569.5 Micro irrigation potential, Mha PFDCs SCOPE AND STATUS OF MICROIRRIGATION IN INDIA Govt initiatives Subsidy +

39. DripSprinklerTotal Cereals-27.6 Pulses-7.6 Oil seeds3.81.14.9 Cotton7.01.88.8 Vegetables3.62.46.0 Spices1.41.02.4 Flowers-1.0 Sugarcane4.3- Fruits3.9- Plantation3.0- Total27.042.569.5 Micro irrigation potential, Mha PFDCs SCOPE AND STATUS OF MICROIRRIGATION IN INDIA Govt initiatives Subsidy +

40. MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal

41. MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal Through balancing reservoirs

42. MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal Through balancing reservoirs Coupled with solar pumping

43. MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal Through balancing reservoirs Coupled with solar pumping Gravity systems on elevated canals

45. MICROIRRIGATION IN HILLS / DESERTS Return period 5 yr SPV 64% of Diesel PS in 10 yr

47. Small farmers success stories

50. tbsraj@iari.res.in