1. Ancient Crossroads Section 3 pages 598-603

2. II. Crossroads A.Southeast Asia Trade Center 1. center of sea routes for the South Pacific and Indian Ocean B. Early History 1.Skills developed a. making tools from bronze b. growing yams and rice c. sailing

3. B. Early History cont. 2. Southeast Asia not China and India a. Bronze Age items dated back to 3,000 B.C. b. Rice grown eight to nine thousand years ago in Thailand c. Yams and other roots grown in Indonesia between 15,000 and 10,000 B.C.

4. C. Trade and Travel 1. Southeast Asia trade routes a. rice, tea, timber, gold and other metals b. spices such as cloves, nutmeg, ginger, and pepper

5. C. Trade and Travel cont. 2. Religious ideas and knowledge spread 3. Skills crossed to and from S.E. Asia a. farming b. metal working c. art forms and techniques

6. D. Influence of India 1.Hindu priest and Buddhist monks brought Indian culture to S.E. Asia a. art, architecture and religion

7. E. Buddhism 1.Roots from Hinduism 2.Founder Siddharta Gautama a. a wealthy prince 3. Teachings a. life continuing cycle of death and rebirth b. Four Noble Truths c. Eightfold Path

8. Buddhism Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path The Truth of Suffering All existence is suffering 1. Knowing the truth The Truth of Cause Illusion and desire are the cause of suffering 2. Trying to reset evil The Truth of Extinction Suffering should be eliminated 3. Saying nothing to hurt others The Truth of the Path Eliminate suffering step by step 4. Respecting life, morality (what is right), and property 5. Holding a job that does not injure others 7. Controlling one’s feelings and thoughts 6. Trying to free one’s mind of evil 8. Practicing proper forms of concentration.

9. E. Buddhism cont. 4. Spread of Buddhism a. throughout India, Sri Lanka and S.E. Asia b. Spread into Tibet, China, Korea, and Japan

10. F. Empire of Khmer 1.Khmer people established kingdom 6 th century A.D. a. present day Cambodia b.Hindu Kingdom influenced by Indian culture c. Built Angkor Wat 1. huge temple complex

11. d. Growth and Spread of Buddhism 1.Hindu decline Khmer lost power 2.Built Buddhist temple called Borobudur 3.Fifth and Sixth centuries Buddhism in place in Myanmar 4.King Anawarahta establishes kingdom in capital city of Pagan a. Ananda temple most famous b. built thousands more temples

12. Religious Influences India Buddhism Indonesia Temple of Borobudur Southeast Asia Myanmar City of Pagan orHinduism Cambodia Khmer kingdom Angkor Wat Throughout India