1. Cohesion in a Text Page 62

2. Page 62 Question 1 Scan the essay; how many times can you see the words fire, widfire, and flames ? What tool of cohesion is the author using? Para12345678 (22)22403344 Repetition & synonyms to focus readers attention on the topic

3. Scan paragraphs 1 & 2 and answer the following Question 2 What does the expression ‘the very thing’ refer to? (P1 L5) Question 3 What does ‘it’ refer to? (P1 L8) Question 4 What does ‘it’ refer to? (P1 L14) Question 5 What does ‘who’ refer to? (P2 L11) Stunning natural setting Treed view of canyon, lake, and city[‘it’ is a pronoun] Nature[‘it’ is a pronoun] His wife & her father[‘who’ is a pronoun]

4. Scan paragraphs 3 & 4 and answer the following Question 6 What does the expression ‘these fires’ refer to? (P3 L8) Question 7 Why did the author write ‘consequently’? (P3 L10) Question 8 What does ‘where’ refer to? (P4 L3) Question 9 What do ‘some’ (P4 L9) and ‘others’ (P4 L11) refer to? 825 fires burning across the province[‘these’ plus summary] A connecting word[shows the 2 sentences are related] The Okanagan region[‘where’ is a relative pronoun] Our citizens[both are pronouns]

5. Scan paragraphs 5, 6, 7 & 8 and answer the following Question 10 What does the expression ‘these people’ refer to? (P5 L7) Question 11 Which fire does ‘the latter fire’ refer to? (P6 L12) Question 12 What does ‘they’ refer to? (P7 L11) Question 13 What did the author write ‘as a result’? (P8 L4 & L5) Pilots[‘these’ plus summary] Okanagan mountain park fire[‘the former’ / ‘the latter’ creates cohesion] British Columbians[‘they’ is a relative pronoun] To show how the 1st & 2nd sentences are related in the paragraph [‘as a result’ is a connecting expression]

6. Page 63 Question 2 (use your knowledge of cohesion to complete the following) If you live in or near a forested region, sooner or later you may have to contend with the spread of wildfire. The best protection against loss, damage, or injury due to (1)____________ is prevention. Your home contains many flammable items. Properly prepairing (2)____________ home doesn’t guarantee that (3)____________ won’t incur fire damage, but preparation does reduce the risk. Mature trees, shrubs, litter, and even your woodpile are all flammable. (4)____________ first clear the 10 meters around your home of all vegetation. (5)____________ keep your grass short and watered. A (6)____________ without a good fuel-free space around it can make firefighting difficult, if not impossible. Second, keep all trees within 20 (7)____________ of your home spaced out and trimmed. Space trees so that the crowns of individual (8)____________ are 3 to 6 meters apart. (9)____________, use fire-resistant materials when you are building your home. Materials such as metal, clay, or asphalt roof tiles are the best. Wood shingles are not recommended. The (10)____________ materials offer superior fire resistance to wildfire; the (11)____________ are perfect fuels for a soaring wildfire. These (12)____________ can reduce the risk that a wildfire will damage or destroy your home.

7. Page 63 Question 2 (use your knowledge of cohesion to complete the following) If you live in or near a forested region, sooner or later you may have to contend with the spread of wildfire. The best protection against loss, damage, or injury due to (1) WILDFIRE is prevention. Your home contains many flammable items. Properly prepairing (2) YOUR home doesn’t guarantee that (3) YOU won’t incur fire damage, but preparation does reduce the risk. Mature trees, shrubs, litter, and even your woodpile are all flammable. (4) THEREFORE first clear the 10 meters around your home of all vegetation. (5) IN ADDITION keep your grass short and watered. A (6) HOME without a good fuel-free space around it can make firefighting difficult, if not impossible. Second, keep all trees within 20 (7) METERS of your home spaced out and trimmed. Space trees so that the crowns of individual (8) TREES are 3 to 6 meters apart. (9) THIRD, use fire-resistant materials when you are building your home. Materials such as metal, clay, or asphalt roof tiles are the best. Wood shingles are not recommended. The (10) FORMER materials offer superior fire resistance to wildfire; the (11) LATTER are perfect fuels for a soaring wildfire. These (12) METHODS can reduce the risk that a wildfire will damage or destroy your home.