1. 7B REPRODUCTION

2. Flowers Why do plants produce flowers?
Which are the male parts of a flower?
Which are the female parts?

3. A flower S O P A

4. Complete the diagram and glue it in your book

5. Fertilisation What is the male plant sex cell?
What is the female plant sex cell?
What is fertilisation?
Where does fertilisation happen in a flower?

9. Human sex cells What is the male sex cell?
What is the female sex cell?
Where does fertilisation happen in humans?

10. Look at the picture of the sperm and egg cells and try to describe how it is specialised

12. Fertilisation

13. The human reproductive system
Where are egg cells made?
Where are sperm cells made?

16. Human life cycle
What are the two words used to describe the “baby” growing in the mother’s uterus?
What are the 4 stages of the human life?

18. Puberty/Adolescence
What physical changes happen to boys during puberty?
What physical changes happen to girls?
What chemicals cause these changes?

19. L4 To know the changes that take place in boys and girls
L5 To be able to explain why these changes happen.
L6 To be able to give advice based on scientific understanding.

23. http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/ organisms_behaviour_health/reproductio n/activity/
SCIENTIFIC EYE VIDEO

24. BOYS
GIRLS
BOTH

25. Changes in puberty Beard Moustache Voice Chest Breast Penis Hip
Testes (testicles)
Breast
Hip
General words: Armpit, hair, pubic hair, sweat, muscle, period, grow

26. Sudden increase in size.
Voice breaks.
Ovaries start to release eggs.
Pubic hair grows.
Breasts develop.
Body becomes more muscular.
Hair grows under the arms.
Hips widen.
Start periods.
Testes start to make sperm
Penis grows.
Shoulders broaden.
Sudden increase in size.
Voice breaks.
Ovaries start to release eggs.
Pubic hair grows.
Breasts develop.
Body becomes more muscular.
Hair grows under the arms.
Hips widen.
Start periods.
Testes start to make sperm
Penis grows.
Shoulders broaden.

27. What about emotional changes?

28. Hormone
Where Produced?
What it does?
Gender

29. Hormone
Where Produced?
What it does?
Gender
FSH
Pituitary Gland in Brain
Stimulates eggs and menstrual cycle F
Progesterone
Ovary
Prepares the lining of the womb
Oestrogen
Prepares lining of the womb.
Secondary sexual characteristics
Testosterone
Testes
Male sexual characteristics M
Pituitary Hormone
Master Gland for puberty initiation
M F

30. Definition of a hormone
A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.

31. Level 5 Achieved?
L5 To be able to explain why these changes happen.

32. Hormone
Where Produced?
What it does?
Gender
Picture
FSH
Pituitary Gland in Brain
Stimulates eggs and menstrual cycle F 1
Progesterone
Ovary
Prepares the lining of the womb 2
Oestrogen
Prepares lining of the womb.
Secondary sexual characteristics
Testosterone
Testes
Male sexual characteristics M 3
Pituitary Hormone
Master Gland for puberty initiation
M F

33. Male Brain/Hypothalamus Female Hormone Brain/Pituitary Gland
Puberty Hormones
Male Brain/Hypothalamus Female
Hormone
Brain/Pituitary Gland
Pituitary hormones FSH, Pituitary Hormones
Testes Ovaries
Testosterone Oestrogen, Progesterone,
Testosterone
Secondary sexual characteristics Menstruation

34. Dear …….. I have read about
Oestrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
FSH
on the internet.
What is it?
How does it affect my body?
Emily / Toby aged 13 years.

35. Activity
Problem Page - letter
Discuss in your group how this may be helped and what it is caused by.
Write a paragraph offering good advice and tips to the person.

36. Tell us what you wrote.
Was this answer Level 6?
L6 To be able to give advice based on scientific understanding.
How could we improve it?

37. The menstrual cycle How long does the average menstrual cycle last?
What happens in days 1-7?
What happens on day 14?

38. Animations and videos
2/Genital%20system/Menstrual%20cycle.s wf

39. Pregnancy What is the gestation period?
How long is the gestation period in humans?
How does the developing foetus get the nutrients it needs?
What protects the foetus?

40. Foetal development http://youtu.be/AJIKe9eJLh4
/from_a_cell_to_a_baby

41. Development of the foetusY7

42. Fertilization, the joining of the sperm and the egg in the fallopian tube (below) to form a unique human being, occurs. 

43. This is a fertilized egg only thirty hours after conception
This is a fertilized egg only thirty hours after conception.  Magnified here, it is no larger than the head of a pin.  Still rapidly dividing, the developing embryo, called a zygote at this stage, floats down from the fallopian tube and towards the uterus.

44. WEEK 3-5 The embryo’s tiny heart begins to beat by day twenty-one
WEEK 3-5 The embryo’s tiny heart begins to beat by day twenty-one.  Arm and leg buds are visible and the formation of the eyes, lips, and nose has begun.  The spinal cord grows faster than the rest of the body giving a tail like appearance which disappears as the embryo continues to grow.  The placenta begins to provide nourishment for the embryo.   

45. WEEK 7 Major organs have all begun to form
WEEK 7 Major organs have all begun to form.  The embryo has developed its own blood type, unique from the mother’s.  Hair follicles and knees and elbows are visible.  Facial features are also observable.  The eyes have a retina and lens.  The major muscle system is developed and the embryo is able to move.  

46. WEEK 8-12 The embryo is reactive to its environment inside the amniotic sac where it swims and moves.  Hands and feet can be seen.  At the end of week 8, the embryonic period is over and the foetal stage begins. 

47. Weeks The brain is fully developed and the foetus can suck, swallow, and make irregular breathing sounds.  Foetus can feel pain.  Foetal skin is almost transparent.  Muscles tissue is lengthening and bones are becoming harder.    Liver and organs produce appropriate fluids.  Eyebrows and eyelashes appear and the fetus makes active movements including kicks and even somersaults. 

48. Week 20-24 A protective waxy substance called Vernix covers the skin
Week A protective waxy substance called Vernix covers the skin.  By birth, most of the vernix will be gone but any that is left is quickly absorbed.  Foetus has a hand and  footprints and fingerprints are forming.  Foetus practices breathing by inhaling amniotic fluid into its developing lungs. 

49. Weeks 25 – 28 Rapid brain development occurs during this period and the nervous system is able to control some bodily functions.  The foetus’ eyelids now open and close.  At 25 weeks there is a 60% chance of survival if born.     
Weeks 29 – 32 There is a rapid increase in the amount of body fat the foetus has. Rhythmic breathing occurs, but the lungs are not yet mature.  The foetus sleeps 90-95% of the day.  At this point there the survival rate is above 95% if the baby is born.    

51. Or, sextuplets…

52. Foetus growth graph Draw a scatter graph
Add labels to the different stages

55. 3 parents?

57. So, Doctor, what is LHON?
It's a disease of the mitochondria.
mitochondria. Those are the things in cells that supply energy. They're in the cytoplasm, yes?
That's right! Now what happens when an egg cell is fertilised?

58. But whose mitochondria do you get?
The sperm nucleus gets into the egg. Then the egg nucleus and sperm nucleus join together and make your first complete cell.
Exactly!
But whose mitochondria do you get?

59. So her children will go blind too?
Your mitochondria come from your mum. You only get a nucleus from your dad.
That's right!
The mitochondria get copied when your cells divide – just like the nucleus. So every cell has some. But Maya's are faulty. That's why she went blind.
So her children will go blind too?

60. And I'm afraid there is no treatment.
Yes.
And I'm afraid there is no treatment.
But scientists are working on it. Let me explain – it's all written down here.

62. Right, Darcy. I'll let you get back to your patients
Right, Darcy. I'll let you get back to your patients. You'll have to tell Maya and Jake that there is no solution to their problem. There might be a treatment in future, but will it be too late?
Plan what to say to Maya and Jake. Prepare diagrams to help you explain:
n How 2-parent fertilisation usually happens
n The scientists' idea for 3-parent fertilisation
n Why and how 3-parent fertilisation might help them in future…if they can wait.