1. How to write an effective conclusion Also known as putting it all together

2. What is a conclusion? A conclusion is a summary of the experiment. It is putting the hypothesis together with the data and coming up with a conclusion or ending thought. It is a written answer to the original question.

3. So where to start… Every conclusion begins with a topic sentence. In a conclusion, the topic sentence is the restatement of the problem/question.

4. Can your group state a hypothesis for the research question below? The effect of different temperatures on the activity of an enzyme?

5. Can you write a conclusion for the data below?

6. Keep your group’s conclusion close to hand We will now go through step by step of the format and information that should have been included….

7. Our conclusion outline 1. Restate the Problem This experiment was investigating the affect of different temperatures on enzyme activity.

8. Our conclusion outline 1. Restate the problem 2. Restate your hypothesis (It was predicted that…) It was predicted that as the temperature increased from 0°C, the rate of enzyme reaction will increased up until the optimum temperature for this enzyme. This is the temperature at which the enzyme will be working with maximum efficiency. After this point the rate of reaction will begin to decrease as the enzyme denatures.

9. So was your hypothesis right, wrong or indifferent? 3. Accept or reject your hypothesis Does the data support the hypothesis? If it does-we accept the hypothesis If it doesn’t-we reject the hypothesis My processed data supports my hypothesis

10. Now provide evidence 4.Provide actual data in sentence form that backs up your previous statement. What type of relationship was there, if any? – How did the independent variable effect the dependent variable? Were there any trends? changes; (increases, decreases in data) patterns (repeated data that is similar)

11. Our conclusion outline As the temperature increased from 0°C to 25°C, the rate of reaction also increased until at 25°C where the rate of reaction reached it’s maximum of 1.5 units. After this temperature the rate of reaction dropped to 0.5 units at 45°C. As the temperature was increased to 65°C the rate of reaction fell to 0 units and stayed at 0 units at 85°C as well.

12. Next 5.Justify your data with scientific theory As the temperature increases the molecules have greater kinetic energy. This increases the number of collisions thereby increasing the rate of reaction. As the temperature continues increasing the rate of reaction decreases after the optimum temperature. This is because the enzyme, which is a protein molecule denatures. The specific 3D structure of the active site is irreversibly changed so it can no longer form an enzyme-substrate complex.

13. Our conclusion outline 1. Restate the problem 2. Restate your hypothesis (It was predicted that…) 3.Accept or reject your hypothesis 4.Provide actual data in sentence form that backs up your previous statement. 5.Justify your data with scientific theory

14. Yeah! We’re almost there….

15. 6. Concluding sentence This sentence should – Begin with a transition word To sum up In conclusion Therefore, it can be said that – Rephrase the original question or problem – Explain the importance of carrying out the experiment

16. Our conclusion outline In conclusion, it can be stated that different temperatures do have an affect on enzyme activity. Therefore, it is possible to deduce the optimum conditions for an enzyme to ensure maximum efficiency of this particular enzyme.

17. 6 points to scientific success! 1. Restate the problem 2. Restate your hypothesis 3.Accept or reject your hypothesis 4.Provide actual data in sentence form that backs up your previous statement. 5.Justify your data with scientific theory 6.Concluding sentence that justifies the experiment

18. Conclusion This experiment was investigating the affect of different temperatures on enzyme activity. It was predicted that as the temperature increased from 0°C, the rate of enzyme reaction will increased up until the optimum temperature for this enzyme. This is the temperature at which the enzyme will be working with maximum efficiency. After this point the rate of reaction will begin to decrease as the enzyme denatures. My processed data supports my hypothesis. As the temperature increased from 0°C to 25°C, the rate of reaction also increased until at 25°C where the rate of reaction reached it’s maximum of 1.5 units. After this temperature the rate of reaction dropped to 0.5 units at 45°C. As the temperature was increased to 65°C the rate of reaction fell to 0 units and stayed at 0 units at 85°C as well. As the temperature increases the molecules have greater kinetic energy. This increases the number of collisions thereby increasing the rate of reaction. As the temperature continues increasing the rate of reaction decreases after the optimum temperature. This is because the enzyme, which is a protein molecule denatures. The specific 3D structure of the active site is irreversibly changed so it can no longer form an enzyme-substrate complex. In conclusion, it can be stated that different temperatures do have an affect on enzyme activity. Therefore, it is possible to deduce the optimum conditions for an enzyme to ensure maximum efficiency of this particular enzyme.