1. American Imperialism

2. Political Reasons for Imperialism Believed that we needed to push the United States’ boundaries further and create an empire  European countries had already done this, so we should too! Believed we needed to control the seas

3. Economic Reasons for Imperialism Believed we needed to dominate commerce (trade) Needed places to sell products 1890s were a decade of crisis  Too many people to feed because of immigration  Economic depression

4. Purchase of Alaska The U.S. purchased the Alaskan territory from Russia in 1867  $7.2 million  586,412 square miles of new territory  Approximately $12.27 per square mile  Called Seward’s Folly (mistake) Why wasn’t it? http://safeshare.tv/v/ss566b37b6eeb33 http://safeshare.tv/v/ss566b37e09b919

6. Objectives Content: Analyze evidence on the Maine explosion and determine which newspaper is more believable. Language: Explain the 4 causes of the Spanish American War.

7. Causes of the Spanish American War 1. Protection of American business interests in Cuba (mostly sugar cane) 2. America wanted to help Cuban rebels gain independence from Spain 3. The sinking of the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba 4. Yellow Journalism

8. The Spanish American War April 25, 1898 – December 10,1898 (8 months) The United States declared war on Spain after the sinking of the battleship U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba.

9. How do these headlines differ? Search for Missing Bride Continues Bride Missing! Groom’s Family Blame History of Mental Illness

10. Yellow Journalism and War Newspapers resorted to headlines that exaggerated and sensationalized events in order to sell more papers. This increased public support for the war

11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IU5l4yQCpMM &feature=related

12. Objectives Content: Predict why the United States acquired Hawaii. Learning: List the results of the Spanish American War.

13. Timeline of Events Cuba desires independence from Spain Sinking of USS Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba – February 15, 1898.  Both sides disagree who was at fault. U.S. requests Cuban independence instead of war with Spain War Declared on April 25, 1898. U.S. blockaded Cuba to prevent Spanish reinforcements

14. Timeline of Events U.S. attacked Manila Harbor in Philippines. U.S. offered a peace treaty to Spain granting independence to Cuba, giving the U.S. a port in Philippines, and annexing Puerto Rico – REFUSED Battles fought in Cuba until July – Peace settlement reached in August relating to Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam. Spanish American struggle over the Philippines continued until December when the Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the war.

15. Results of the Spanish American War The United States emerged as a world power As a result of the Treaty of Paris of 1898  Cuba gained independence from Spain but became dependent on the U.S.  The United States gained possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico

19. Objectives Content: Predict what could have happened if the U.S. did not annex Hawaii Language: Listen to a song about Hawaii and explain its message.

20. Annexation of Hawaii Hawaii – desirable because of resources and location  Order of events: 1. Missionaries tried to change the religion of the native Hawaiians 2. Sugar – U.S. provided a good deal to purchase sugar to start to influence the area but wanted more than just trade

21. Annexation of Hawaii 3. White planters overthrew the native Hawaiian government because they wanted less taxes on sugar and feared losing U.S. influence 4. U.S. starts us use as a refueling station in Spanish American War 5. Annexation of Hawaii because of strategic importance  http://youtu.be/uOhv-VWpNpY http://youtu.be/uOhv-VWpNpY Hawaii ‘78  http://viewpure.com/VrbaN42tDFE?ref=search

23. Objectives Content: Apply Big Stick Diplomacy to the Panama Canal. Language: Explain the 3 parts of the Roosevelt Corollary.

24. The Monroe Doctrine (1823) The Western Hemisphere was no longer open for colonization The political system of the Americas was different from Europe The United States would regard any interference in Western hemispheric affairs as a threat to its security The United States would refrain from participation in European wars and would not disturb existing colonies in the Western Hemisphere

26. Teddy Roosevelt Policies Teddy Roosevelt’s most famous quote: “Speak softly and carry a big stick”

27. Roosevelt Corollary Drafted a policy known as the Roosevelt Corollary which expanded on the policies of the Monroe Doctrine with regard to European involvement in Central and South America Had 3 main components 1. Asserted the United States’ right to interfere in the economic ($) matters of other nations in the Americas

28. #2 Claimed the United States’ right to exercise international police power

29. #3 Advocated “Big Stick” diplomacy

30. Big Stick Diplomacy The Panama Canal  The U.S. helped finance a group of revolutionaries in northern Colombia so that a new country (Panama) could sell the U.S. the rights to build a canal in Central America.

32. Big Stick Diplomacy In 1903, The U.S. signed a treaty with Panama for the rights to build a canal that would connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans  Treaty included:  10 mile strip of land across Panama  U.S. would pay Panama 10 million dollars for a 99 year lease  U.S. would also pay an annual rent of $250,000

35. http://www.history.com/shows/modern-marvels/videos/inside-the-panama-canal

36. Panama Canal Panama Canal was completed August 15 th, 1914 Cut 7,000 miles off the Sea voyage from New York City to San Francisco United States could now quickly navigate between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

39. Objectives Content: Analyze a set of political cartoons about American Imperialism and explain their meaning to the class. Language: Read an excerpt of the “White Man’s Burden” and explain what Kipling was trying to say.

40. Philippine-American War Main fighting lasted from 1899-1902  February 4, 1899 Philippine forces led by Aguinaldo rebelled against American control of the Philippines.  The Philippine people wanted independence.

41. Philippine-American War  U.S. wanted control of the Philippines because:  Desire Asian business opportunities  Concern that the Philippine people could not rule without help  Concern that another country would just take over as soon as the U.S. left

42. Philippine-American War  Aguinaldo was captured and because the U.S. started granting more rights, there was less support for the war against the U.S.  Both sides occasionally attacked civilians thought to be helping the “enemy”  Violence, disease and food shortage killed about 200,000 civilians

43. Philippine-American War  4,200 American and over 20,000 Filipino combatants died in the conflict  1916 - conflict was over because the U.S. promised future independence (even though it did not happen until 1946)