1. Lesson 2: THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
Guiding Question: How are empires built?
Vocabulary:
yellow journalism, autonomy,
jingoism, interfere

2. Chapter 5, Lesson 2 Setting the Stage for War
American expansionists paid close attention to political and economic actions of countries in the Western hemisphere

3. Tension in Cuba
By the 1890s, Spain’s empire had shrunk to, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines
Cuba had been fighting for independence for 10 years!

4. Spain’s Empire

5. Cuba

6. Jose Marti Rebel who fled to the U.S. Newspaper publisher and poet.
Returned to Cuba in and started a rebellion against Spain.
What was the plan of the rebels?

7. “Cuba Libre” Cuba Libre- “Free Cuba”, battle cry for Cuban natives
Cubans rebelled against Spain
Spain put them into reconcentration camps!

8. American Opinion Splits
Many Americans disagreed about war.
Anti- felt it was too expensive.
Pro- help U.S. become world power.

9. Call for War The press played a very big role
They talked of atrocities – wartime acts of cruelty and brutality.
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10. Yellow Journalism
Demands for US intervention in Cuba also came in large part from US newspapers
Joseph Pulitzer, New York World
Randoph Hearst, New York Journal
Yellow Journalism – Type of sensationalism biased, and often false reporting for the sake of attracting readers

11. Yellow Journalism What was the impact on Americans?
Jingoism – intense national pride with an aggressive foreign policy
More Americans began supporting Cuba

12. The Cuban Rebellion
Cuban exiles in the states urged the US to intervene
Both presidents Cleveland and McKinley refused to help
What did the rebels do?
Began destroying US businesses to pressure government to act

13. “Remember the Maine”
This became a battle cry of US war supporters.

14. Remember the Maine!!
US battleship U.S.S. Maine sent to Havana harbor by President McKinley to protect American interests.
An explosion on February 15, killed 260 American sailors.

15. Remember
The Maine

16. War in Cuba
Roosevelt led the First Volunteer Cavalry regiment, called the Rough Riders
mixed crew of cowboys, miners, and law officers
Buffalo Soldiers - nickname given to African American troops

17. Battle of San Juan Hill Key victory in Cuba
Crushed the Spanish fleet, and won control of Cuba

19. A War on Two Fronts Invasion of the Philippines.
Filipino rebels and U.S. troops defeated the Spanish quickly!
Rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo

20. Preparing in the Philippines
Teddy Roosevelt (assistant secretary of the Navy) ordered the fleet under Admiral George Dewey in the Philippines to prepare for military action against Spain

21. A Splendid Little War
The war’s first action took place in the Philippines where Admiral Dewey destroyed the entire Spanish fleet in Manila Bay
McKinley surprised by the quick victory
20,000 troops sail to Philippines

22. A Splendid Little War Americans seize Guam along the way
The Army was not prepared for war
Army recruited volunteers
Volunteers – a person who joins the military by choice

23. The Treaty of Paris
Spain gave Puerto Rico (Caribbean) and Guam (Pacific) to the U.S.
Cuba became a protectorate of the U.S.
Nation’s independence is limited by control of powerful country

24. New Challenges After the War
How could US become a colonial power without violating a nation’s most basic principle – that all people have the right to liberty?

25. Dilemma in the Philippines
McKinley felt that if the US did not act first, European powers might try and seize the islands and new conflicts develop