1. CHINA AND KOREA TO 1279
GARDNER 7-2 PP

2. HAN DYNASTY
Soon after the First Emperor’s death the people revolted against his son and in 206 BCE established the HAN DYNASTY
The Han ruled China for four centuries
The Han integrated the Qin reforms with a more liberal governing policy
Extended China’s southern and western boundaries

3. THE MARQUISE OF DAI FLASH CARD #194
Funeral banner from the Tomb of the Marquise of Dai, Mawangdui, China, Han Dynasty, ca. 168 BCE, painted silk
This T-shaped silk banner was draped over the coffin of the Marquise of Dai
Area at the top of cross of T is heaven, the vertical section below is the human realm, and the bottom is the underworld
In the heavenly realm are red sun and silvery moon

4. WU FAMILY SHRINE
The archer Yi and a reception in a mansion, Wu family shrine, Jiaxiang, China Han dynasty, CE, rubbing of a stone relief
Han pictorial narratives appear on the walls of the Wu family shrines -> the emergence of private, non-aristocratic families as patrons of religious and mythological art
Carved images of flat polished stone stand out against a flat but rough textured background
The hero Yi shoots down suns to save the earth from scorching and to the right a ceremonial scene in a mansion

5. HAN HOUSES AND PALACES
Model of a house, Han dynasty, first century CE, painted earthenware
No actual remains of Han building survive
Ceramic models of houses deposited in Han tombs and representations like those in the Wu family shrines give us a good idea of Chinese architecture
Sharply projecting tiled roofs resting on a framework of timber posts, lintels, and brackets

6. CHINESE WOODEN CONSTRUCTION
Wooden buildings
Pitched/sloping roof
Projecting overhang/eaves
Post and beams support the sloping roof
Walls serve no weight bearing purpose -> act as screens between inside and outside and between rooms

7. PERIOD OF DISUNITY The Period of Disunity
The Period of the Six Dynasties
The Northern and Southern Dynasties
Three names for the period of civil strife that divided China into competing states from CE
During this period the influence of Buddhism began to grow in China and along with Confucianism and Daoism it will influence Chinese thought and art
PERIOD OF DISUNITY

8. ZHAO BUDDHA
Shakyamuni Buddha, from Hebei Province, Later Zhao dynasty, Period of Disunity, 338 CE, gilded bronze
This is the earliest datable Chinese Buddha image
In style and iconography it is derived from Gandharan prototypes
flat, relief-like handling of the robe’s heavy concentric folds
The ushnisha/cranial bum
Cross legged position

9. CHINESE PAINTING MATERIALS AND FORMATS
Chinese painting materials were a round tapered brush, soot-based ink, and either silk or paper
The formats of Chinese painting
HANGING SCROLLS – display on walls
HANDSCROLLS – long, narrow scrolls that unrolled
ALBUM LEAVES – small panels on paper leaves collected in albums
FANS

10. LADY FENG’S HEROISM
Lady Feng and the Bear, detail of Admonitions of the Instructress to the Court Ladies, Period of Disunity, late 4th century, handscroll, ink and colors on silk
Lady Feng puts herself between the emperor and a bear -> a perfect model of Confucian behavior
Animated, minimal background, focus on inner vitality and spirit

11. TANG DYNASTY The Tang Dynasty 618-907 CE was a unequaled magnificence
Chinese armies marched across central Asia

12. LONGMEN CAVES FLASHCARD #195-1
Vairocana Buddha, disciples, and bodhisattvas, Fengxian Temple, Longmen Caves, Luoyang, China
Tang Dynasty supported Buddhism and created the Longmen cave complex
44’ high seated Buddha carved into the cliff
Sponsored by Empress Wu Zetian
Mahayana Cosmic Buddha is depicted in serene majesty with suppressed surface detail
LONGMEN CAVES

13. LONGMEN CAVES - DETAIL FLASHCARD #195-2
Massive Buddhist sculptures in the main grotto

14. LONGMEN CAVES -DETAIL FLASHCARD 195-3
Massive Tang Dynasty statues of a bodhisattva, an arhat, and Vairocana Buddha. Longmen Caves, Henan province, China

15. TANG PAINTING
YAN LIBEN –detail from The Thirteen Emperors, 650 CE, handscroll
Line drawing
Colored washes
Shading of faces and robes to give volume
TOMB OF YONGTAI – Palace Ladies, detail of a wall painting, CE
Peaceful scene of court life
No background or setting
Figures are arranged to convey depth and space/paired figures facing into and out of space also give depth and space

16. CHINESE EARTHENWARES AND STONEWARES
No one can rival China for the length and richness of its ceramic history
Two types of clay vessels
Earthenware – fired at low temperature, soft and porous
Stoneware – fired at high temperature, stone-like hardness and density
Later around 1300 the Chinese will develop PORCELAIN a ceramic made from a fine white clay that produces a substance like glass or stone with a rich, shiny surface