1. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute fi·ber or fi·bre min·ing (fi'bər·min'in) n. 1. the act, process or work of maximizing the bandwidth of one’s legacy fiber network. 2. utilizing DWDM and CWDM products from Optelian to cut capital costs and increase revenue. 3. a good idea. Employee Technical Overview Training December, 2006

2. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Agenda Basics of Fiber Transmission Fiber Optic Cable Wavelength Data Rate Reach Extension and 3R Regeneration Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing (CWDM) Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWMD) CWDM and DWDM Compared Hybrid Wave Division Multiplexing (Applications) Customer Network Topologies Point to Point Linear Drop and Continue Ring (Diverse and Collapsed) Customer fiber Capacity Issue Customer Requests (RFI RFP) Request for Information Request for Pricing Customer Support and Service Products and Solutions: Product Quick Reference Product Roadmap Connectivity Connector Inspector FerruleMate Other Services Glossary of Terms

3. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Basics of Fiber Transmission Fiber Optic Cables- Uses Light Pulses to transmit information along a span

4. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Basics of Fiber Transmission Fiber Optic Cables- Common Connectors, Adapters, and Attenuators Connectors SC UPC LC PC ST UPC Attenuators SC UPC LC PC ST UPC Adapters Dual LC Dual SC ST

5. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Basics of Fiber Transmission Fiber Optic Cables- Fiber Types Single mode fiber Single path for light Longer transmission lengths than less expensive Multimode cable Used with 1310nm, 1550nm, CWDM and DWDM applications Multimode fiber Multiple paths for light Less expensive cable idea for shorter span lengths. Used with 850nm and 1310nm wavelengths

6. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Basics of Fiber Transmission Wavelengths- Colors of Light The light we are most familiar with is, of course, the light we can see. Our eyes are sensitive to light whose wavelength is in the range of about 400 nanometers (billionths of a meter) to 700 nanometers. For fiber optics, we use light in the infrared region which has wavelengths longer than visible light, typically around 850, 1300 and 1550 nm. Why do we use the infrared? Because the attenuation of the fiber is much less there. Multimode fiber is designed to operate at 850 and 1300 nm, while single mode fiber is optimized for 1310 and 1550 nm. The difference between 1300 nm and 1310 nm is simply a matter of convention, harking back to the days when AT&T dictated most fiber optic jargon. Lasers at 1310 nm and LEDs at 1300 nm were used in single mode and multimode fiber respectively.

7. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Wavelengths- Colors of Light Attenuation and Span Lengths 850nm 1300/1310nm 1550nm Basics of Fiber Transmission

8. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Wavelengths- Transmitters The most commonly used transmitters LEDs (light emitting diodes) and Laser Diodes The transmitter determines the wavelength (color) of the light Common Transmitters Wideband transmitters (850nm, 1310nm, 1490nm,1550nm) Transmit with wide bandwidths (50 to 100nm spacing typical) Most commonly used transmitters in fiber optic communication Low cost due to high production numbers and looser tolerance requirements than discrete transmitters Discrete transmitters Transmit with narrow bandwidths (20nm spacing CWDM, 50 or 100Ghz spacing for DWDM) Used in CWDM, DWDM applications Cost relative to tolerance requirements Basics of Fiber Transmission

9. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Basics of Fiber Transmission Data Rate- Traffic Speed In telecommunications and computing, bitrate (sometimes written bit rate or data rate) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. Bit rate is often used as synonym to the terms connection speed, transfer rate, channel capacity, maximum throughput and digital bandwidth capacity of a communication system. The bit rate is quantified using the 'bit per second' (bit/s or bps) unit, often in conjunction with a SI prefix such as kilo (kbit/s or kbps), Mega (Mbit/s or Mbps), Giga (Gbit/s or Gbps) or Tera (Tbit/s or Tbps).

10. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Reach Extension and 3R Regeneration Reach Extension: Used when the existing customer equipment does not have enough optical power to cross a span RGN cards 3R Regeneration to improve reach distances Near end, midspan, and far end applications 3R Regeneration: Reshape, Retime, Reamplification Basics of Fiber Transmission

11. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute WDM- Wave Division Multiplexing Combines two or three wavelengths (1310nm, 1490nm,1550nm) onto a common fiber WDM system uses a multiplexer at the transmitter to join the signals together, and a demultiplexer at the receiver to split them apart Commonly used with wideband transmitters Basics of Fiber Transmission

12. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute CWDM- Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing Combines multiple wavelengths onto a common fiber Uses ITU-T defined wavelengths (1471nm, 1491nm, 1511nm & 1531nm etc.) up to 16 total wavelengths CWDM system uses a multiplexer at the transmitter to join the signals together, and a demultiplexer at the receiver to split them apart Uses discrete wavelengths at 20nm spacing Basics of Fiber Transmission

13. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute DWDM- Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Combines multiple wavelengths onto a common fiber Uses ITU-T defined wavelengths (1530.33nm, 1533.47nm & 1535.04nm etc) for 100+ total wavelengths DWDM system uses a multiplexer at the transmitter to join the signals together, and a demultiplexer at the receiver to split them apart Uses discrete wavelengths at 50, 100, 200 Ghz spacing Basics of Fiber Transmission

14. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute CWDM & DWDM Compared Basics of Fiber Transmission

15. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Hybrid Wave Division- The mixing of multiple WDM transmitters and Mux/Demux modules to suit a specific application. Wideband transmitters over CWDM: Use 1550nm transmission equipment on the 1551nm port of the CWDM Mux/Demux Combined DWDM signals over CWDM or WDM: Use a DWDM mux combine up to 8 wavelengths onto a common fiber then connect that common fiber to the 1551nm port on a CWDM to be combined with the other CWDM wavelengths or connect the common fiber to the 1550nm port of a DWDM mux to be combined with a 1310nm signal Basics of Fiber Transmission

16. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Customer Network Topologies Point to Point- Two sites connected by one or more spans of fiber Linear Drop And Continue- Two or more sites connected by one or more spans of fiber with no return path

17. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Customer Network Topologies Ring Configuration (Diverse)- Two or more sites, connected by one or more spans of fiber, with a return path to the originating site Ring shown in diverse route configuration

18. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Customer Network Topologies Ring Configuration (Collapsed)- Two or more sites, connected by one or more spans of fiber, with a return path to the originating site Ring shown in collapsed route configuration

19. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Situation: An existing ADM network span is at capacity and needs to be augmented. Existing SDH Network Span Solution Option #1: Add expensive, higher capacity, ADM equipment with higher capacity. New Higher Capacity SDH Network Summary Cost: High Added Capacity: STM-16 Risk: Loss of traffic to both sites during integration Implementation: Complex with a long cycle time Customer Network Topologies

20. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute New equipment and fiber along the span Solution Option #2: Add additional ADM equipment and new fiber between the sites. Summary Cost: High (For Fiber Addition/Lease) Added Capacity: STM-16 (dependent on equipment added) Risk: Little to no risk during integration Implementation: Complex and long cycle time Customer Network Topologies

21. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute New CWDM Equipment Transparent to the ADM Network Solution Option #3: Add transparent optical transport using CWDM technology to avoid the need for additional fiber. Summary Cost: Low to moderate Added Capacity: Up to 80Gbps or 8 additional STM-64 circuits (dependent on equipment added) Risk: Little to no risk during integration Implementation: Low complexity with short cycle time Customer Network Topologies

22. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Customer Requests (RFI, RFP) Request for Information- RFI Customer Account Rep: The customer’s account rep. maintains responsibility for providing the customer with information. Generally this will be product bulletins and website information Applications Engineering: The request should be forwarded to the applications engineering time at such a time the details are not covered by the standard literature or a specific customer application is involved Request for Quote- RFP The customer’s account rep. maintains responsibility for gathering the required information to complete the quote and delivering the quote when completed Existing Network and Equipment Span Data Expected growth Equipment Environment Technology Requirements

23. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Customer Requests (RFI, RFP) Customer Support and Service- Guy Mcleaod x2131 (Manager) 24 / 7 Technical Support Voice: 877-225-9428, option 2 Email: techsupport@optelian.com (non-emergency)techsupport@optelian.com Available support services On-site install assistance Extended warranty Maintenance (hot standby) spares Network Solution Engineering On-site training RMA Factory repair Quick turnaround times <5 business days typical Advance replacements

24. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Products and Solutions Product Quick Reference

25. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Products and Solutions Product Roadmap- November 2006

26. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Products and Solutions Connectivity- Fiber Jumpers, Attenuators, Adapters, VOA cables Custom fiber jumpers made to order by length and connectors. single mode, multimode, simplex and duplex. Extensive offering of fixed attenuators Custom fiber Y cables (splitters) made to order by length and connectors. single mode, multimode Variable Optical Attenuators- 0db-35db made to order for length and connector

27. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Products and Solutions CI-1000 Connector Inspector CI-1000 Standard Package CI-1000 shown in neck strap carrying pouch

28. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Products and Solutions Ferrule Mate- Fiber cleaning system Used to clean male and female connectors 300+ cleanings per unit Low cost <$.30 per cleaning Disposable after use Options for 2.5mm (SC, FC, ST) and 1.25mm (LC, MU) connectors

29. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Products and Solutions Optelian Installation and Integration Support Services: Optelian Access Networks can offer an on site service technician to assist with installations of new equipment. The technician will be experienced and proficient in all aspects of the installation. The technician will assist by providing guidance pertaining to the installation of the Optelian equipment and troubleshooting the system during integration efforts. The technician be equipped with basic fiber optic cleaning and inspection equipment during the support efforts. Optelian Hot Spare Services: Maintenance Spares Kits are also available to insure the highest levels of service are maintained under all operating conditions and circumstances. Optelian will maintain a dedicated parts kit at the Marietta, GA facility. The maintenance spares can be shipped within 24 hours of a request, directly to a job site. Under the terms of this service if a request is received before 2pm on any business day the shipment will be processed that day. Requests received after 2pm will be processed on the next business day. The price for hot spares will be a yearly charge for maintaining the dedicated parts kit. When it is requested to ship parts from the kit the full price of the material will be incurred along with shipping costs associated with the requested shipping interval. Optelian Systems and Applications Engineering: Optelian offers systems and applications engineering for customer designs, deployment guide development, cabling diagrams and figures required for system integration and record keeping.

30. PRIVATE/PROPRIETARY – Do Not Distribute Glossary of Terms SONET/SDH: Synchronous optical networking, is a method for communicating digital information using lasers or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) over optical fiber. The method was developed to replace the Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) system for transporting large amounts of telephone and data traffic and to allow for interoperability between equipment from different vendors.Both SDH and SONET are widely used today; SONET in the U.S. and Canada, SDH in the rest of the world. Although the SONET standards were developed before SDH, their relative global prevalence means that SONET is now considered as the variation. Attenuation: The decrease in intensity of electromagnetic radiation due to absorption or scattering of photons. Attenuation does not include the decrease in intensity due to inverse-square law geometric spreading. Therefore, calculation of the total change in intensity involves both the inverse-square law and an estimation of attenuation over the path. Receiver Sensitivity: The sensitivity of an electronic device, e.g., a communications system receiver, or detection device, e.g., PIN diode, is the minimum magnitude of input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio, or other specified criteria. Insertion Loss: In telecommunications, insertion loss is the decrease in transmitted signal power resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line or optical fiber. It is usually expressed relative to the signal power delivered to that same part before insertion. Insertion loss is usually expressed in dB. Insertion loss is sometime referred to as the attenuation of a device. Protocol: In the field of telecommunications, a communications protocol is the set of standard rules for data representation, signalling, authentication, and error detection required to send information over a communications channel. Gigabit Ethernet (GigE): A term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet packets at a rate of a gigabit per second (nominally 1.25Gbps), as defined by the IEEE 802.3-2005 standard. IPTV: Internet Protocol Television describes a system where a digital television service is delivered using the Internet Protocol over a network infrastructure, which may include delivery by a broadband connection. For residential users, IPTV is often provided in conjunction with Video on Demand and may be bundled with Internet services such as Web access and VoIP. The commercial bundling of IPTV, VoIP and Internet access is referred to as a Triple Play. Metro Ethernet: A computer network based on the Ethernet standard covering a metropolitan area. It is commonly used as a metropolitan access network to connect subscribers and businesses to a Wide Area Network, such as the Internet. Large businesses can also use Metro Ethernet to connect branch offices to their Intranets. FTTx: Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) or Fiber to the Home (FTTH) is a broadband telecommunications system based on fiber-optic cables and associated optical electronics for delivery of multiple advanced services such as the triple play of telephone, broadband Internet and television all the way to the home or business. For More Telecom Glossary Terms go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page