1. Sumerian Babylonian Assyrian Persian Egyptian Iraq, Iran, Egypt 3500 BCE - 331 BCE

2. Enduring Understandings Mostly takes place in Mesopotamian city-states Foundations of Art History Where almost everything began: writing, cities, organized religion, government, laws, agriculture, bronze casting, wheel. Populations emerged between Tigris & Euphrates rivers. Layering of civilizations Egyptian art is created around ideas concerning eternity, afterlife and rebirth Egyptian art is dominated by funerary objects. Egyptian stylistic formulas are applied to gods and pharaohs, showing others to be subordinate, lacking idealization Egypt begins in the unification of country under King Narmer “Old Kingdom” features massive monuments (pyramids) to the dead.

3. Egyptian Understandings… Menhotep II unified Egypt for a second time in a period called “Middle Kingdom”

4. White Temple and its ziggurat 3500-3000 BCE Mud Brick Sumerian - Uruk, Iraq

5. Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshunna C. 2700 BCE Gypsum inlaid with shell & black limestone Sumerian - Tell Asmar, Iraq

6. Standard of Ur 2600-2400BCE Wood inlaid with shell, laps lazuli, and limestone Sumerian

7. Stele of Hammurabi c. 1792-1750 BCE Basalt Babylonian

8. Lamassu c. 720-705 BCE Alabaster Assyrian

9. Persepolis c. 520-465 BCE Limestone Persian - Iran

10. Narmer Palette 3000-2920 BCE – Slate Cairo

11. Seated Scribe c. 2620-2500 BCE Painted Limestone Egypt

12. Great Pyramids 2550-2490 BCE - Limestone Giza, Egypt

13. Great Sphinx c. 2500 BCE – Limestone Giza, Egypt

14. Menkaura and His Queen 2490-2472 BCE - Greywacke

15. Temple of Amun-Re & Hypostyle Hall 1550-1250 BCE - Sandstone & Mudbrick Luxor, Egypt

16. Plan of Temple of Amun-Re & Hypostyle Hall

17. Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut 1473-1458 BCE – Sandstone Luxor, Egypt

18. Queen Hatshepsut with Offering Jars 1473 – 1458 BCE - Red Granite

19. Akhenaton, Nefertiti and Three Daughters 1353 – 1335 BCE - Limestone

20. Innermost Coffin of King Tutankhamun c. 1323 BCE - gold, enamel, semiprecious stones Cairo, Egypt

21. Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer c. 1275 – painted papyrus scroll