1. Normal Insulin Production Cells needs glucose Glucose is used by the mitochondria to make energy (ATP) After meals, glucose levels in the blood increase Blood cell

2. Normal Insulin Production Cells needs glucose Glucose is used by the mitochondria to make energy (ATP) After meals, glucose levels in the blood increase Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G

3. Normal Insulin Production But the channels (doors) that allow glucose into your cells are closed Your pancreas responds by releasing insulin into the blood stream Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G

4. Normal Insulin Production But the channels (doors) that allow glucose into your cells are closed Your pancreas responds by releasing insulin into the blood stream Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G i i i i i i i i i i

5. Normal Insulin Production Insulin causes the channels (doors) to open Glucose diffuses into the cells, giving them much needed nutrition Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G iii iii i ii i

6. Normal Insulin Production Insulin causes the channels (doors) to open Glucose can diffuse into the cells, giving them much needed nutrition Glucose level in blood returns to normal Blood cell iii iii i ii i G G G G G G G G G G G G G

7. Diabetes Cells needs glucose Glucose is used by the mitochondria to make energy (ATP) After meals, glucose levels in the blood increase Blood cell

8. Diabetes Cells needs glucose Glucose is used by the mitochondria to make energy (ATP) After meals, glucose levels in the blood increase Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G

9. Diabetes But the channels (doors) that allow glucose into your cells are closed A damaged pancreas will often release too little insulin Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G

10. Diabetes But the channels (doors) that allow glucose into your cells are closed A damaged pancreas will often release too little insulin Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G i i

11. Diabetes But the channels (doors) that allow glucose into your cells are closed A damaged pancreas will often release too little insulin Insulin causes only a few channels (doors) to open Blood cell G G G G G G G G G G G G G i i

12. Diabetes Very little glucose can diffuse into the cells The glucose level in the blood never returns to normal Hours later, the next meal adds even more glucose Blood cell i i G G G G G G G G G G G G G

13. Diabetes Very little glucose can diffuse into the cells The glucose level in the blood never returns to normal Hours later, the next meal adds even more glucose Blood cell i i G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G G

14. Diabetes Ironically, the cells begin to starve even though food is nearby The blood becomes acidic Negative effects: heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, death Blood cell i i G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G

15. Diabetes Treatment Insulin injections Blood cell i i G G G G G G i i i i i ii i But where do we get the insulin from? G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GGG G G GG