1. Review of orders of aquatic insects

2. Terminology Diagram on page 54 Glossary on pages 179-185 Antenna
Labrum
Compound eye
Pronotum
Wing pads
Mesonotum
Gills
Metanotum
Abdomen
Claw
Tibia
Tarsus
Femur
Cercus

3. Ward et al.’s key to orders

4. Ephemeroptera Mayflies All larvae aquatic Characteristics Wing pads
1 claw on each leg (contrast with Plecoptera)
2-3 terminal segmented filaments (cerci) on abdomen
Usually with lateral abdominal gills

5. Plecoptera Stoneflies All larvae aquatic Characteristics Wing pads
2 claws on each leg (contrast with Ephemeroptera)
2 cerci
No lateral abdominal gills

6. Trichoptera Caddisflies All larvae aquatic Characteristics
No wing pads (contrast with Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera)
3 pairs of jointed legs on thorax (contrast with Diptera)
1 pair of terminal abdominal prolegs (contrast with Lepidoptera and larval Coleoptera)
Often in cases

8. Diptera True flies All larvae aquatic Characteristics
No jointed legs on thorax, some with prolegs on prothorax (contrast with Trichoptera, larval Coleoptera and Lepidoptera)
Very diverse group

10. What are these taxa?
Chironomidae

11. Coleoptera Beetles Some adults and larvae aquatic Characteristics
Mostly lentic except for Elmidae
Characteristics
Adults
1st pair of wings hardened to form nonoverlapping shell-like covering (elytra) over abdomen (contrast with adult Hemiptera)
Chewing mouthparts

12. Coleoptera Characteristics Larvae
3 pairs of jointed legs on thorax (contrast with Diptera)
No terminal abdominal prolegs (contrast with Trichoptera)

13. Odonata Dragonflies and damselflies All larvae aquatic Characteristics
Mostly lentic
Characteristics
Wing pads
No cerci, some with unsegmented terminal gills (contrast with Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera)
Grasping mouthparts forming hinged structure (labium) under head (contrast with larval Hemiptera)

14. Hemiptera True bugs Some adults and larvae aquatic or semi-aquatic
Mostly lentic except for Naucoridae
Characteristics
1st pair of wings with hardened base and overlapping membranous apical portion (contrast with adult Coleoptera)
Sucking/piercing mouthparts forming long jointed beak (contrast with larval Coleoptera and Odonata)

15. Lepidoptera Butterflies and moths Few larvae aquatic Characteristics
Mostly lentic except for Pyralidae
Characteristics
3 pairs of jointed legs on thorax (contrast with Diptera)
At least 2 pairs of abdominal prolegs terminating in circle of hooklets (crochets) (contrast with Trichoptera and larval Coleoptera)

16. Megaloptera Dobsonflies and alderflies All larvae aquatic
Mostly lentic
Characteristics
7-8 pairs of lateral abdominal filaments (contrast with Trichoptera and larval Coleoptera)
Sialidae with long pointed filament at apex of abdomen
Corydalidae with anal hooks on final abdominal segment