1. Dust Storms in Arizona: The Challenge to Ensure Motorist Safety Jennifer Toth, P.E. Deputy Director for Transportation Arizona Department of Transportation AASHTO Extreme Weather Event Symposium May 21, 2013

2. Dust Storms in Arizona An Overview Arizona Dust Storm Phenomenon Motorist Safety Extreme Weather Event: Oct. 4, 2011 Interstate 10 dust storm Lessons Learned Best Practices

3. Arizona Dust Storm Phenomenon Cloud of loose soil kicked up by straight-line and downdraft winds Wall of dust miles long extending 5,000 feet above the ground Similar to a Middle Eastern haboob (Arabic for “blast”) What Where Especially in areas of flat land, agricultural fields and dry riverbeds When Primarily during spring winds and summer monsoon storms Photo courtesy of Mike Olbinski Photography

4. Dust Storms in Arizona Unsafe for Drivers Blowing dust is unpredictable and appears with little warning Visibility reduced to near zero in seconds Dust storms combined with high-speed interstate freeway traffic is recipe for multi-car collisions and fatalities Too many motorists risk driving through a dust storm Proper actions taken by motorists critical for their safety

5. Dust Storms on Highways Deadly to Motorists Blowing dust has been a contributing factor in more than 1,000 vehicle crashes in Arizona since 2000 2000 – 2011 Collisions: 1,207 Fatalities: 40 Injuries: 1,136

6. A Driver’s-Eye View of a Dust Storm

10. Extreme Weather Event: Dust Storm — Oct. 4, 2011 Interstate 10 between Phoenix and Tucson Dust storm engulfed a heavily traveled freeway corridor Three separate, multicar collisions involved more than 25 vehicles One fatality and multiple critical injuries Freeway closed for emergency response, cleanup and incident investigation

14. Lessons Learned Motorists require more dust storm safety education “Pull Aside, Stay Alive” public outreach campaign Partnering with other agencies necessary Dust Storm Workshop Federal assistance with roadside alert systems

15. Lessons Learned Utilize all alert mechanisms 5-1-1 traffic information system (online and phone) Overhead electronic message boards Twitter and Facebook Wireless Emergency Alerts Dust storm alert mobile app Real-time roadside alert system testing Others developed in the future

16. Best Practices Motorist Education “Pull Aside, Stay Alive” public outreach safety campaign “Haboob Haiku” writing challenge Most popular haiku submission: Dust blows, swirls and grows Roadways become danger zones Pull over, lights off.

17. PullAsideStayAlive.org

18. Public Service Announcement

19. Best Practices Incident Debriefing Perform a debriefing session after a statewide major roadway incident and full road closure in Phoenix area Participants are ADOT, DPS, towing company, county DOT “Lessons Learned” discussions Coordinate interagency processes to efficiently manage incidents and open roadways more quickly Immediate and tangible improvements to incident management are achieved through debriefing

20. Best Practices Dust Storm Workshop Annual collaboration with experts and stakeholders More than 50 participants from local air quality, public safety and transportation agencies Discuss dust storm impact mitigation Set goals for public outreach, monitoring and alerts

21. Best Practices Overhead Message Boards More than 160 message boards on highways throughout the state Dust storm advisory and warning messages: “Dust Storm Ahead” “Limited Visibility, Blowing Dust” “Watch for Dust Storm Ahead”

22. Best Practices 5-1-1 System and Travel Alerts ADOT’s 5-1-1 travel/traffic information features phone and online system Used to inform drivers about dust storm activity Road condition media alerts and Twitter/Facebook alerts 20 hours a day/365 days a year “Floodgate” message on 5-1-1 phone system draws priority attention to extreme events

23. Best Practices DUST Monitoring System Pilot test program with FHWA DUST = Dual Use Safety Technology Weather monitoring stations trigger warning signs that direct motorists to radio alerts

24. Best Practices Wireless Emergency Alerts Created by FCC in 2012 Alerts sent automatically via all major wireless providers to most newer smartphones Text message from National Weather Service will alert citizens in the area of a dust storm

25. Best Practices Dust Storm Mobile App Developed by University of Arizona with ADOT assistance Dust storm watches and warnings available based on phone’s geographic location Includes ADOT’s “Pull Aside, Stay Alive” driving safety messages Designed for iPhone; Android version to follow

26. Best Practices Climate Study Pilot Project One of 19 pilot studies awarded by FHWA in April 2013 18-month study Seeks to further determine the impact of extreme weather and climate on transportation infrastructure Data will contribute to better dust storm early warning and motorist education

27. Conclusions Utilize social media for public outreach and education Implement best available alert technology Debrief with partner agencies on incident response Study the natural environment to develop better extreme weather event prediction methods

28. May I provide more information? Jennifer Toth, P.E. Arizona Department of Transportation jtoth@azdot.gov