1. United Nations Police Standardized best practices Toolkit on Gender Mainstreaming Policing in Peacekeeping

2. Establishing SGBV Investigative Police Structures
MODULE 3
LESSON 5
 Establishing SGBV Investigative Police Structures 2

3. Learning Outcomes
Understand the importance of community engagement for identifying and solving problems
Analyse the CHEERS and the PIERS method to identify and coordinate approaches to SGBV-related problems
Apply the SARA technique to resolve SGBV-related problems
Identify solutions to practical challenges in implementing gender sensitive problem solving techniques

4. 1 2 Lesson structure Community Engagement
The CHEERS, PIERS and SARA models

5. Lesson structure 1
Community Engagement

6. GROUP DISCUSSION
What are the benefits for the police to use problem solving techniques when handling SGBV issues?

7. Expected outcome helps identifying and prioritizing community issues
allows for medium to long term strategies for reducing fear of SGBV crimes and improve quality of life
increases the resources available to solve problems

8. Expected outcome
establishes improved working relationships with groups vulnerable to SGBV within the community
Quickly review how a problem tree works
helps to develop and maintain trust between the police and community

9. Community engagement and problem solving
Partnership
Quickly review how a problem tree works

10. What is community engagement?
DISCUSSION – 1ST part
What is community engagement?

11. DISCUSSION – 2nd part
In the context of this course, what are groups within the community that the police needs to engage and consult with? Why?

12. DISCUSSION – 3rd part
In your groups, discuss What are the steps to assist the HSP in developing community engagement?

13. What is community engagement?
EXPECTED OUTCOME
What is community engagement?
It is a way for police to work in effective partnerships with the community to solve community issues and problems together.

14. Belief input will not be considered
EXPECTED OUTCOME
CHALLENGES
Lack of motivation
Lack of interest
Fear
Belief input will not be considered

15. EXPECTED OUTCOME Assisting the HSP in developing community engagement
Identify women’s groups
Involve female police
Obtain trust
Build partnerships
Problem solve

16. What are challenges for the police when engaging with the community?
GROUP DISCUSSION
What are challenges for the police when engaging with the community?

17. ENGAGEMENT AND PARTNERSHIP
UNPOL and host-state police
Community
Government agencies
NGOs

18. BUILDING PARTNERSHIPS
Identify UNPOL goals and objectives related to SGBV
Clearly communicate these objectives to other parties
Clearly identify objectives of partners
Seek a realistic consensus on how the parties can support each other
Ensure the HSP is included in these deliberations
BUILDING PARTNERSHIPS
Remember to
INCLUDE IN THE INS
Also,
Encourage all partners to contribute both financial and human resources
Share leadership opportunities that encourage people to take more responsibility
Encourage diversity
Engage youth
Ensure timeframes are realistic and achievable

19. Lesson structure 2
The CHEERS, PIERS and SARA models

20. PROBLEM SOLVING The CHEERS method for problem identification
The PIERS model
for problem resolution
The SARA model

21. CHEERS
A police officer can use the CHEERS method to help define if a series of events or factors could become a community
problem or is already a
community problem.

22. CHEERS: SIX ELEMENTS FOR IDENTIFICATION
A problem related to SGBV does or could affect the vulnerable members of the Community.
The problem related to SGBV is Harmful to the vulnerable members of the community.
People Expect the police to solve the problem
There has been more than one Event of a similar type.
The problem keeps Recurring over short or long periods of time.
There is a Similarity between the events or other problems.

23. PIERS
The PIERS Model is a way to bring a comprehensive police response to a problem once it has been identified. It is a generic approach which can be applied to SGBV crimes.

24. P I E R S PIERS revention - Prevent and reduce SGBV crimes
ntelligence - Improve knowledge on SGBV
nforcement - Investigate SGBV crimes
eassurance - Improve public confidence to
report SGBV crimes
upport - Improve non-operational police
actions, such as training I E R S

25. SARA
The SARA method is a continual cycle and is a form of analysing while looking for solutions.

26. It can be used on small or large problems.
SARA
Scanning
Analysis
Response
Assessment
It can be used on small or large problems.
If you cannot complete one of the steps, you can use the same model to work on that issue until it is resolved.

27. ACTIVITY Get together in your field mission-specific groups.
You are going to be assigned a specific Carana scenario.
Apply the SARA model.
Be ready to present to your peers.
Further guidance is given on the next slides and on the handbook provided to you
OUTCOMES?

28. SCANNING
It is important that assumptions are not made about information that is collected.
Identify SGBV problems that happen regularly by searching based on crime type and location.
Gather information from many sources, not just police sources, such as surveys, NGOs, community meetings and government agencies.

29. SCANNING Define the exact nature of the problem and its cause.
Behavior What are the actions associated with the problem?
Location Where does it occur?
Time: When does it happen?
People Who are involved?
Item What property is being targeted?

30. Behavior Identify problem owner (not police)
SCANNING
Develop objectives:
Behavior Identify problem owner (not police)
Decide Do we want to eliminate, reduce harm, or reduce the number of incidents caused by the SGBV problem?

31. VICTIMS OFFENDERS ANALYZING
Involves examining information to make deductions and identify the cause, and looking for reasons behind events.
VICTIMS
Who are they and what do they have in common?
Why are the victims vulnerable at certain times?
Can they protect themselves better?
OFFENDERS
Who are they?
How many?
How old are they?
Access to vehicles and/or weapons?
Do they have gang associations?

32. CRIME ANALYSIS: CRIME TRIANGLES
Offender
Victim
Crime analysis
Location
Often used to understand and visualize crime and disorder problems.
The location indicates the law and procedures that are in place for law enforcement.

33. Who are the groups involved?
RESPONSE
Who are the groups involved?
Women and children’s groups are primary partners in resolving the problems related to SGBV. 
The best solutions are usually those that combine criminal justice and non-criminal justice actions focussed on the particular problem and those that allow the community to better handle similar crime problems in the future.
Criminal justice
Non-criminal justice

34. RESPONSE
Ensure that as many aspects of the problem as possible are addressed
Avoid the sole use of resource intensive responses, such as police patrols
Generate responses with your partners
Educate potential SGBV victims and offenders for prevention purposes
Consider environmental factors that may stop the problem, such as lighting, vegetation, design, location.

35. Brainstorm with the community on the following:
RESPONSE: PLANNING
 Brainstorm with the community on the following:
Aim
Issues
Priorities
Causes
Ideas
Solutions
INSERT ON THE INS:
Women may not be comfortable to speak about violence against women in the presence of men
Different groups of the community should be included
A moderator could ensure everyone gets to speak, reach out to the women in the community and aspire trust and confidence

36. SWOT ANALYSIS
Another step when a brainstorming group has agreed to co-work on a problem is a SWOT analysis. S
trengths
eaknesses
pportunities
hreats W O T

37. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Different ethnic groups give wider perspective
Weaknesses Communication barriers, resulting in confusion
Opportunities A NGO has provided resources, e.g. transportation
Threats Other groups wish to compete for those resources

38. 5 phases of planning a response
1. Define objectives
Use SMART objectives
2. Determine where you stand
Record information from previous phases
3. Define the future
Brainstorming sessions to identify possible scenarios

39. 5 phases of planning a response
4. Choose alternatives after analysis
Determine the best course of action and record the steps to take
5. Implement the plan and evaluate results
Determine progress and take courses of action

40. DOCUMENTING THE ACTION PLAN
Discuss and agree on aim and solutions
Decide on tasks and who is responsible
Discuss and agree on resources and timeframes
Agree on expected outcomes
Document plan and share with group (be specific)

41. ASSESSMENT ‘WHAT’ will measure our success?
‘HOW’ will we find out this information, particularly around qualitative measures?
‘WHEN’ should an assessment of progress be made?

42. ASSESSMENT
Assessment includes regular communications among the plan’s participants to ensure issues are resolved early so that the plan stays within its timeframe.
Questions to ask during discussions with the community:
Has the SGBV problem been eliminated, frequency reduced or harm reduced?
What actions were taken to resolve the SGBV problem?
Were they completed as agreed?
Were they effective? If not why not?
Remember successful tactics, improve those that were not successful.
Publicly reward good work – it will encourage future

43. Can be recorded through quantitative and/or qualitative indicators
ASSESSMENT
Can be recorded through quantitative and/or qualitative indicators
Quantitative indicators
A numerical indicator where an action can be measured through numbers
Qualitative indicators
Measures improvement in the quality of life., for example, the women’s and children’s perception of safety and security from SGBV

44. ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS Are courses of action or tasks ethically sound?
Do the solutions abide by the laws of the country?
Do they fall within the UN resolutions and mandates?
Do they acknowledge human rights?
Is the community happy with the outcome?
Was there representation with affected groups?
Did the host-state police participate?
Did community and host-state police work together?

45. PROBLEM SOLVING KEY MESSAGES
Identify your persons of influence and persuade them to help
Be inclusive
Small communities are most successful
Only work on one or two problems at a time
Have a positive attitude to your work