1. Arc Hydro and hydrologic models
Arc Hydro and HSPF by David R. Maidment Center for Research in Water Resources University of Texas at Austin
Arc Hydro and hydrologic models
“Map to Map” application using Model Builder
Interfacing HEC Models and the Geodatabase
Aquaterra, Decatur GA
12 July 2004

2. Arc Hydro and HSPF Arc Hydro and hydrologic models
“Map to Map” application using Model Builder
Interfacing HEC Models and the Geodatabase

3. Hydrologic Information System
Modeling
Geodatabase
A hydrologic information system is a combination of geospatial and temporal hydrologic data with hydrologic models that supports hydrologic practice, science and education

4. Arc Hydro: GIS for Water Resources
An ArcGIS data model for water resources
Arc Hydro toolset for implementation
Framework for linking hydrologic simulation models
Notes:
Industrial partners: ESRI, Danish Hydraulic Institute, Camp,Dresser and McKee, Dodson and Associates
Government partners:
Federal: EPA, USGS, Corps of Engineers (Hydrologic Engineering Center)
State: Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, Texas Water Development Board
Local: Lower Colorado River Authority, City of Austin, Dept of Watershed Protection
Academic Partners: University of Texas, Brigham Young University, Utah State University
The Arc Hydro data model and
application tools are in the public
domain

5. Arc Hydro — Hydrography

6. Arc Hydro — Hydrology

7. Arc Hydro Components Drainage System Hydro Network Time Series
Flow
Time
Time Series
Channel System
Hydrography

8. Arc Hydro Framework Data Model
The Arc Hydro framework is built on a Hydro Network made up of HydroEdges (stream lines) and HydroJunctions (points of interest on the lines). The watersheds, waterbodies and hydropoints are connected to the hydronetwork using relationships with the hydro junctions (blue lines in the diagram).

9. Arc Hydro Framework For South Florida
Basins
Waterbody
(NHD)
The Arc Hydro Framework is a simplified version of the full Arc Hydro data model designed for an entry level user who just wants to put together a basic data set for streams, watersheds, waterbodies and hydro points like stream gages and water quality monitoring points
Hydro Points
National Hydrography
Dataset, NHD

10. Nexrad over South Florida
Real-time radar rainfall data calibrated to raingages
Data received each 15 minutes
2 km grid
Stored by SFWMD in Arc Hydro format

11. Nexrad data in Arc Hydro
Attribute
series
Display as a temporal
layer in ArcGIS Tracking Analyst

12. GIS Preprocessors for Hydrologic Models
Interface Programs
HMS
Geo
HMS
Database
HSPF
Basins
RAS
Geo
RAS

13. Geographically Integrated Hydrologic Models
GIS
Interface data models
HMS
HMS
IDM
Geo
Database
Arc Hydro
data model
HSPF
HSPF
IDM
RAS
RAS
IDM

14. Arc Hydro and HSPF Arc Hydro and hydrologic models
“Map to Map” application using Model Builder
Interfacing HEC Models and the Geodatabase

15. Regional Storm Water Modeling Program and Master Plan for San Antonio
City of
San Antonio
Good morning.
It’s my pleasure to share with you an example of regional cooperation within Bexar County.

16. San Antonio Regional Watershed Modeling System
Geospatial Data:
City, County
SARA, other
“Bring the models
together”
Modeling
System
Rainfall Data:
Rain gages
Nexrad
Calibration Data:
Flows
Water Quality
Floodplain
Management
Capital
Improvement
Planning
Water quality
planning
Integrated
Regional Water
Resources planning
Flood
Forecasting

17. Sources of Rainmap data
Historical Nexrad data – NWS and TNRIS archive
Design rainfall maps – 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 year design rainfalls as used for FEMA floodplain studies
Real-time Nexrad data using web services (Tom Wesp)

18. NEXRAD WSR-88D Radars in Central Texas (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler) scanning range = 230 km
NEXRAD Products:
Stage I: Just Radar
Stage II: gages, satellite, and surface temperature
Stage III: Continuous mosaic from radar overlaps
One of the strong motivation points for integration is the availability of
good quality precipitation estimates at higher temporal and spatial resolutions to feed engineering models!!
In particular the NEXRAD products of the NWS that now provide “true spatial realizations of rainfall fields”
With historical and real time sources
EWX – NEXRAD Radar in New Braunfels
Source: PBS&J, 2003

19. Digital Rain Maps from National Weather Service (03/04/2004)

20. Digital Rain Maps from National Weather Service (03/29/2004)

21. Reading Historical Archives of NEXRAD Datasets from Internet
FTP Server
Internet
Local

22. Design Rainfall Maps 100yr 06h 100yr 12h 100yr 24h
But, how to get variation of intensity with time??
We also need the design precipitation hyetograph to obtain reliable design discharge hydrographs
We may explore “hyetograph analysis” to get a theoretical hyetograph shape
Using the Alternating Block Method or Instantaneous Intensity Method

23. Real-Time NEXRAD Datasets from Web Services

24. FEMA 100-year flood plain map in Bexar County

25. Regional Watershed Modeling System Case Study
Salado Creek
watershed
Components:
Arc Hydro Geodatabase
for whole watershed
HEC-HMS hydrology model
HEC-RAS hydraulic model
for Rosillo Creek
Bexar County
Rosillo Creek watershed

26. Arc Hydro and HEC-HMS HEC-HMS Hydrologic Model Arc Hydro Schematic
Network
Calculates
Flows

27. Arc Hydro and HEC-RAS HEC-RAS Hydraulic Calculates Water Surface
Model
Calculates
Water Surface
Elevations
Arc Hydro
Channel
Cross Sections

28. HEC Data Storage System (DSS) (binary data file system shared by HEC models)
An exact replica of the binary DSS files is stored in the ArcGIS geodatabase
An Arc 9 Toolbox exchanges data between DSS and the geodatabase
Time series
catalog
Many time series

29. Flow Change Points Models communicate with
one another through Arc Hydro
at designated points

30. Nexrad Map to Flood Map in Arc 9 Model Builder
FLOODPLAIN MAP
Flood map
as output
Model for
flood flow
HMS
Model
for flood
depth
Nexrad rainfall map as input

31. Map to Map Demo

32. Arc Hydro and HSPF Arc Hydro and hydrologic models
“Map to Map” application using Model Builder
Interfacing HEC Models and the Geodatabase

33. Connecting Arc Hydro and Hydrologic Models
GIS
Interface data models
HMS
HMS
IDM
GeoHMS
Geo
Database
Arc Hydro
data model
GeoRAS
RAS
RAS
IDM

34. IDM Data Transfer Goal
To store data in a manner so that it is readily transferable from geodatabase to HMS files, and visa versa.
HMS files
HMS geodatabase

35. IDM Arc Hydro Compliance Goal
Arc Hydro connectivity and naming conventions
Arc Hydro
Geodatabase
IDM
Geodatabase
HEC-HMS
Program files
HydroID
FeatureID
HMSCode
Element Names

36. The HMSCode IDM Flow Network .basin HMS text file
Connection between HMS feature classes and parameter tables
Connection between HMS and IDM elements
HMSSubbasin attribute table
HMSInitialConstant table
IDM

37. Importing HMS Data
Use Visual Basic to develop codes for transferring data.

38. Constant Loss Rate (inches/hour)
Llano at Junction Model
Rainfall lost to infiltration

39. Snyder Time to Peak (hours)
Llano at Junction Model
Time to Peak

40. Modified Puls Storage (ac-ft)
Llano at Junction Model
Storage required to produce 5000 cfs flow

41. Geodatabase – Model Data Exchange
GIS
Interface data models
HMS
HMS
IDM
Geo
Database
Arc Hydro
data model
RAS
RAS
IDM

42. XML-Based Data Exchange
Platform Independent
Application Independent
Ready to share with many third party applications
Updates do not require code recompilation

44. XML Transformations XSLT Processor HTML pages XML docs External Apps
Input XML to be Transformed
Input XSLT stylesheet (template rules)
XSLT Processor
HTML pages
XML docs
Text files
External Apps

45. GIS Import/Export Data Exchange

46. FEMA Map Modernization
Redoing Floodplain maps of the nation over the next 5 years
Storing all data and models permanently in digital form on a server farm in North Carolina
Using a “Management Information Portal” to enter information
Spending $1.5 billion
This will create a digital hydraulic information infrastructure for the whole nation

47. Conclusions
An interface data model provides a convenient way of storing and visualizing the content of a hydrologic model
Combination of interface data models and ArcGIS Model Builder provides a very efficient means of work flow automation
How to integrate with HSPF?