1. Atomic Structure & Periodic Table review

2. Which of the following 4 images is the most accurate representation of an atom? 1

3. Which of the following is the most accurate representation of an atom

4. Which of the following is the most accurate representation of an atom

5. Which of the following is the most accurate representation of an atom

6. Image 3 is the answer

7. Subatomic particles in an atom where located/charge/relative size
Charge of nucleus: +
Charge of electron cloud: -- - +

8. Subatomic particles in an atom where located/charge/relative size
e e N
P N P
N P

9. SPACE
MASS

10. Why do we use AMU (atomic mass units) when representing the mass of an atom instead of using grams or kilograms?

11. Atoms are very small, using grams would result in a number with a scientific notation of 10-23.
AMU is a unit used exclusively for atoms, it is much smaller than grams and therefore more useful

12. Reading Periodic Table Cells13 Al
Aluminum
26.98
Atomic Number
Number of protons =
Number of electrons
Atomic Mass Number
(this is an average of isotopes)
Mass # - Atomic # = neutron #
When calculating # of neutrons, you must round the
mass # to a whole number….you can’t have partial Neutrons!

13. A = P = E M - A = N (MASS) (ATOMIC NUMBER) (NEUTRONS)
(ATOMIC NUMBER) (PROTONS) (ELECTRONS)
M - A = N
(MASS) (ATOMIC NUMBER) (NEUTRONS)

14. An atom has an atomic number of:
11…..what can you infer 27…..what can you infer 87….what can you infer

15. An atom has an atomic number of:
11…..what can you infer it has 11 protons it has 11 electrons 27…..what can you infer it has 27 protons it has 27 electrons 87….what can you infer it has 87 protons it has 87 electrons

16. An ion has an atomic number of
5…..what can you infer 32…what can you infer 11…what can you infer

17. An ion has an atomic number of
5…..what can you infer it has 5 protons 32…what can you infer it has 32 protons 11…what can you infer it has 11 protons

18. Find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each of the following neutral atoms
Calcium (Ca element 20) Chlorine (Cl element 17)

19. Find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each of the following neutral atoms
Calcium 20 protons 20 electrons 40-20= 20 neutrons Chlorine 17 protons 17 electrons 35-14= 18 neutrons

20. Calculate the mass of the following elements
Element A has 12 protons, 13 neutrons & 12 electrons Element B has 9 protons, 7 neutrons & 9 electrons

21. Calculate the mass of the following elements
Element A has 12 protons, 13 neutrons & 12 electrons 12 protons + 13 neutrons = 25 mass Element B has 9 protons, 7 neutrons & 9 electrons 9 protons + 7 neutrons = 16 mass

22. What are the 3 classes of elements on the periodic table
What are the 3 classes of elements on the periodic table? What are the properties of each? Where are they located on the periodic table?

23. Metals: left side of table Shiny Conduct heat and electricity malleable Ductile Metalloids: along the stairsteps Properties of metals and nonmetals (properties may depend on other atoms they are bonded to, temperature, etc..) Semiconductors, used in computer industry NonMetals: right side of table Dull Insulator Do not conduct heat or electricity brittle

24. Periodic Table Organization (more specific within the classes)
Groups/families
Information you know about elements in the same group:
1. ????
2. ????
Find four elements with similar properties
Find 2 elements with similar properties and 4 valence electrons (………….)

25. Periodic Table Organization (more specific within the classes)
Groups/families
Elements in the same group:
group number = number of valence e-
group members have similar properties
Find four elements with similar properties
Find 2 elements with similar properties and 4 valence electrons

26. Periodic Table Patterns
Find four elements with similar properties
elements in the same column/family..H, Li, Na
Find 2 elements with similar properties and 4 valence electrons (C, Si, Ge…..any in group `4)

27. Periodic Table Trends
Period Information in period: 1. ???? 2. ???? Find 3 elements with 4 electron energy levels Find 3 elements with two energy levels

28. Periodic Table Trends
Period Information in period: period number = number of electron energy levels max # of electrons in each level (ring) period 1….2 e- period 2….8 e- period 3….8 e- Find 3 elements with 4 electron energy levels Find 3 elements with two energy levels

29. Periodic Table Patterns
Find 3 elements with 4 electron energy levels any element in the 4th period/row..K, Cl…. Find 3 elements with two energy levels any element in the 2nd row/period..Li, Be…

30. Describe the periodic table groups using the following terms: reactive, nonreactive, more stable, inert Alkali metal Alkaline Earth Metal Transition Metal Halogen Noble Gas

31. Group /family characteristics
Alkali metal…..reactive metals, group 1, +1 ion Alkaline earth metal…..reactive metals, group 2, +2 ion Transition metals/elements….more stable metals, located at the center of the table, groups 3-12 Halogen…reactive nonmetals, used in cleaning agents, group 17, -1 ion Noble Gases….nonreactive, inert, nonmetals, group 18, very stable due to complete outer electron ring, do not form ions

32. Find examples of: Two different groups/families that are both reactive
Two different groups/families that are more stable and reactive

33. Find examples of: Two different groups/families that are both reactive
Alkali & Alkaline Earth or Alkaline Earth & Halogen or Alkali & Halogen
Two different groups/families that are more stable and reactive
Alkali & Transition metals or Alkaline Earth & Transition Metals or Halogen & Transition Metals

34. What do Na, K and Rb have in common
What do Na, K and Rb have in common? What do Mg, P and Cl have in common?

35. What do Na, K and Rb have in common
What do Na, K and Rb have in common? They are all in the same group/family so they have similar properties and all have 1 valence electron What do Mg, P and Cl have in common? The are all in the same period/row. They are in period 3 so they have 3 electron energy levels (shells)

36. Dull, brittle and non conductive best describes which of the following: Pd, S, Mg, Fe

37. Dull, brittle and non conductive best describes which of the following: Pd, S, Mg, Fe S (sulfur) because it is a nonmetal and those are nonmetal properties.

38. Which of the following elements are very reactive: Au, Fe, Cl, Zn

39. Which of the following elements are very reactive: Au, Fe, Cl, Zn Cl (chlorine) because it is in group 17, the Halogens. The other elements are transition metals which are more stable.

40. How are groups 1, 2 and 17 different from transition metals (groups 3-12)?

41. How are groups 1, 2 and 17 different from transition metals (groups 3-12)? 1, 2 & 17 are highly reactive because they are 1 or 2 electrons away from a stable configuration (full valence ring of electrons). Groups 3-12 are transition metals and are more stable.

42. Describe element properties as you move from left to right across period #.....

43. Ions Formed by losing or gaining electrons
Metals give electrons
Nonmetals take electrons
An atom gives/takes electrons in order to create a complete outer ring of electrons (valence)…..this makes it stable, like the noble gases.

44. An ion with a charge of +2 has
Lost 2 electrons
Gained 2 protons
Gained 2 electrons
Lost 2 neutrons

45. An ion with a charge of +2 has
Lost 2 electrons
Gained 2 protons
Gained 2 electrons
Lost 2 neutrons
remember, ions are ONLY CREATED BY CHANGING THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN AN ATOM.

46. An ion with a charge of -3 has
Lost 3 protons
Lost 3 electrons
Gained 3 electrons
Gained 3 protons

47. An ion with a charge of -3 has
Lost 3 protons
Lost 3 electrons
Gained 3 electrons
Gained 3 protons
remember, ions are ONLY CREATED BY CHANGING THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN AN ATOM.

48. Isotopes
Different forms of the SAME ELEMENT. Isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons therefore they will have a different mass.

49. D F E B C A
Which element is very reactive with 3 electron rings?
Which element is a nonmetal with 2 electron rings?
Which element is a very reactive metal with 1 valence electron?
Which element is inert?
Which element has 5 electron rings?
Which metal has 2 valence electrons?

50. D F E B C A
Which element is very reactive with 3 electron rings? E
Which element is a nonmetal with 2 electron rings? F
Which element is a very reactive metal with 1 valence electron? B
Which element is inert? D
Which element has 5 electron rings? C
Which metal has 2 valence electrons? A