1. Jigsaw Review

2. Thomas Hobbes Political Philosopher Political Philosopher Most famous for “The Leviathan” (1651) Most famous for “The Leviathan” (1651) “civil peace and social unity are best achieved by the establishment of a commonwealth through social contract” “civil peace and social unity are best achieved by the establishment of a commonwealth through social contract” Ruled by an ideal commonwealth—the figure-head Ruled by an ideal commonwealth—the figure-head The people make up the body, while the commonwealth makes up the head The people make up the body, while the commonwealth makes up the head

3. Thomas Hobbes Cont. Depicts the “natural condition of mankind” (Nature) as inherently violent and awash with fear. Depicts the “natural condition of mankind” (Nature) as inherently violent and awash with fear. The idea of every man for himself in which people set out to destroy others. The idea of every man for himself in which people set out to destroy others. Hobbes says that this is so scary that people naturally seek out peace Hobbes says that this is so scary that people naturally seek out peace The way peace is achieved is through social contract (laws) The way peace is achieved is through social contract (laws)

4. Nature vs. Nurture Nature: “the belief that all or most behaviors and characteristics are the result of inheritance”(Cherry) Nature: “the belief that all or most behaviors and characteristics are the result of inheritance”(Cherry) Nurture: “the mind is a blank slate and all of our knowledge is determined by our experiences” (Cherry). Nurture: “the mind is a blank slate and all of our knowledge is determined by our experiences” (Cherry).

5. Nature vs. Nurture Example For example, when a person achieves tremendous academic success, did they do so because they are genetically predisposed to be successful or is it a result of an enriched environment? For example, when a person achieves tremendous academic success, did they do so because they are genetically predisposed to be successful or is it a result of an enriched environment? If a man abuses his wife and kids, is it because he was born with violent tendencies or is it something he learned by observing his own parents behavior? If a man abuses his wife and kids, is it because he was born with violent tendencies or is it something he learned by observing his own parents behavior?

6. World War II

7. Involving more than 30 countries Involving more than 30 countries Resulting in more than 50 million military and civilian deaths Resulting in more than 50 million military and civilian deaths Sparked by Adolf Hitler’s invasion of Poland in 1939 Sparked by Adolf Hitler’s invasion of Poland in 1939 Hitler attempted to eradicate an entire people Hitler attempted to eradicate an entire people Devastated the landscape of Europe Devastated the landscape of Europe