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2.  “Cancer is characterized by rapid and uncontrolled formation of abnormal cells which may mass together to form a growth or tumor, or proliferate throughout the body, initiating abnormal growth at other sites. ” 2

3.  Cancer is leading cause of mortality.  It strikes more than one third of the world’s population and more than 20% all death.  Among the cause for cancer are Tobacco, Viralinfection,Chemicals,Radiation,Enviorment al factor and Dietary factor. 3

4. 1. More than 30% of cancers are caused by several leading behavioral and environmental risks that are potentially modifible. 2.Tobacco use is the single largest preventable cause of cancer in the world today. 3. It is responsible for up to 1.5 million cancer deaths a year. 4

5.  1.BLADDER CANCER  2.BREAST CANCER  3.COLON CANCER  4.ENDOMETRIAL CANCER  5.KIDNEY CANCER  6.LEUKEMIA  7.LUNG CANCER  8.PANCREATIC CANCER  9.PROSTATE CANCER  10.THYROID CANCER  11.MELANOMA 5

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7.  Catharanthus roseus.  Agapanthus Africanus.  Turmeric.  Podophyllum.  Opium. 7

8.  Synonyme-vinca.  Family- Apocynaceae.  Biological source-Catharanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family,Apocynaceae.genus flowering plants  Uses-It use in cancer. 8

9.  Catharanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family,Apocynaceae.genusflowering plants  Like genus Vinca, they are known commonly as periwinkles.Vinca  There are eight species.  The C. pusillus, is native to India and Sri Lanka.IndiaSri Lanka  The name Catharanthus comes from the Greek for "pure flower. Greek 9

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11.  Synonyme-African lily.  Family- Amaryllidaceae.  Biological source-Agapanthus africanus (African lily) is a native of the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. It has a short stem bearing a tuft of long, narrow, arching leaves 10–35 cm long and 1–2 cm broad, and a central flower stalk 25–60 cm tall, ending in an umbel of 20-30 white, pink or bright blue, funnel-shaped flowers, each flower 2.5–5 cm diameter.Cape of Good HopeSouth Africaflowers 11

12.  It was introduced to Europe at the close of the 17th century as a handsome greenhouse plant.Europe  There are also double-flowered and larger- and smaller-flowered cultivators. They may be propagated from offsets or by dividing the rootstock in early spring. 12

13.  Synonyme- Indian saffron,Curcuma,Haridra.  Family- Zingiberaceae  Part use-Rhizomes  Biologcal source- Turmeric consist of dried as well as fresh rhizomes of the plant known as curcuma longa linn.(C.Domestica) belonging to family Zingiberaceae.  Uses- 1. turmeric is used ascndiment or spice,and colouring agent,especially for ointments and creams. 2. In china c.wenyjuin has been used in cervical cancer. 3.Chemically,it is used for the detection of boric acid. 13

14.  Turmeric is the main species of commerce and is cultivated for its rhizome in india,china and also in shri lanka, Indosia,Peru.  India is major grower with almost 80,000 hectors under this crop producing 1,44,000 tones per annum.  The plant are grow 7 to 9 month after which the rhizomes are harvested,cooked,dried and then proceed for powder,oleo-resin and curcumin. 14

15.  There are over 3000 preclinical studies on turmeric and its constituents.  Curcumin is considered to be the most active constituent in Curcuma longa.  Curcumin, and turmeric as a whole plant extract, demonstrate antioxidant effects.  Curcumin can protect DNA against single strand breaks induced by single oxygen.  Turmeric extracts, and curcumin specifically, have been demonstrated to be potent anti- inflammatory agents. 15

16.  Synonyme-Indian podophyllum,podophyllum radix,Himalayan may-apple  Family- Berberidaceae  Part use-Rhizome and Roots  Biological source-Podophyllum consist of dried rhizomes and roots of podophyllum hexandrum royle or podophyllum emodi well,belonging to family Berberidaceae. Uses- 1.podophyllum is used the treatment of veneral and other warts. 2.It is also purgative,cholagague and bitter tonic. 16

17.  The rhizomes and roots are obtained from wild grown plant growing at an altitude of 3000 to 4000 m.  Underground rhizomes remain dorment in winter produced aerial shoots in april to may.  Shoots flower during summer and dried in the sun.  The drug collected in the month of may has higher resin content than that collected in November. 17

18.  Synonyme-Raw opium.  Family- Papaverceae. Biological source- somniferum linn.dried or partly by heat or spontaneous evapuration,and worked into somewhat irreularly shaped masses or moulded into masses of more uniform size and shape.poppy plant belongs to family Papaverceae. Uses: 1.opium belongs to the category of hypnotics, sedative and analgesic in which the action is mainly due to morphin. 2.opium alkoloids are semisynthesized like the other medicine. 18

19.  In India about 54 thousand hectors of land is under opium poppy cultivation.  Its is under government control,and cultivation of poppy is restricted to Madhya Pradesh,Rajasthan,and Uttar Pradesh.  The opium collected by this way is either exported or some of the part is further processed at Government opium factory at Ghazipur.  A generalised process is outlined to cover the industrial method for extraction of alkoloid of opium. 19

20.  Medicinal plants have contributed a rich health to human beings.  Plant extracts and their bioactive compounds present in them which are responsible for anticancer activity have to be screened for their valuable information.  This review had given some of the plants possessing anticancer activity for various types of cancer. 20

21.  Z., Michael S., Eran Ben-A., and Bashar S., Greco-Arab and Islamic Herbal-Derived Anticancer Modalities: From Tradition to Molecular Mechanisms, Evidence- Based complementary and Alternative Medicine., 2012,13  Lakshmi S., Padmaja G and Remani P., Antitumour Effects of Isocurcumenol Isolated from Curcuma zedoaria Rhizomes on Human and M urine Cancer Cells, International JournalNof Medicinal Chemistry., 2011, 13.  compounds: A review, BioFactors., 2006, 26, 93–103.  Jung M.J., Yin Y., Heo S.I., Wang M.H., Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Extract  from Artemisia capillaries, Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy., 2008, 39, 194-198. 21

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