1. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 The Psychodynamic Model

2. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 The Psychodynamic Model Main assumptions: –Psychological disorders are caused by emotional problems in the unconscious mind –The causes of these emotional problems can usually be traced back to early childhood –The relationship between child and parents is a crucial determinant of mental health

3. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 The Unconscious Mind The conscious. The small amount of mental activity we know about. The preconscious. Things we could be aware of if we wanted or tried. The unconscious. Things we are unaware of and can not become aware of. Thoughts Perceptions Memories Stored knowledge Fears Unacceptable sexual desires Violent motives Irrational wishes Immoral urges Selfish needs Shameful experiences Traumatic experiences Bad Worse Really Bad

4. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 The Psyche Id: Instincts Superego: Morality Ego: Reality

5. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Healthy Psyche IdSuperego Ego OK Guys – I’m in charge. Anything you want has to go through me. OK.

6. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Neurotic Psyche Id Superego Ego Listen up! I’m in charge, and you are not here to enjoy yourselves. Get ready for a double-size portion of anxiety with a side order of guilt! No fun. >whimper<

7. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Psychotic Psyche Id SuperegoEgo Sex! Food! Drink! Drugs! NOW! Who turned out the lights?

8. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Psychopathic Psyche OK. First, gimme food. Then I want sex – lots of it and I don’t particularly care whether it’s with a willing partner. Then I want to hurt people. Badly. Probably be hungry again after that so… OK then. Let’s go.

9. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Defence Mechanisms Unacceptable (latent) motives are channeled into more acceptable (manifest) thoughts and actions Aggression Sexual desire for parent Masturbation Playing with faeces Sport Sexual desire for partner Guitar playing Pottery

10. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders are defence mechanisms against repressed emotional problems and impulses The symptoms of a disorder have a hidden meaning that can be decoded

11. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Psychological Disorders DepressionAggression against the parents turned back in on the self AnxietyFear of something (e.g. sex) that is projected onto something innocuous

12. © Banff and Buchan College 2004 Henderson Road, Fraserburgh, AB43 9GA Tel: (01346) 515777 Fax: (01346) 515370 www.banff-buchan.ac.uk enquiries@banff-buchan.ac.uk