2. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.71 Volume 1

3. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.72 A. Basic Components of a Central Processing Unit (CPU)  a single microprocessor  Many magazines introduce the latest models of CPUs

4. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.73 Three Basic Components of CPU (a) Control Unit (CU)  extract the instructions from the main memory, decodes them and executes them (b) Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)  perform all arithmetic computations and all logic operations (c) Register  store temporary data for use

5. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.74 B. Bus Connections  a collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of a computer to another CPU Memory chips Bus

6. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.75 Three Types of Buses (a) Address bus  identify particular memory addresses (c) Data bus  carry actual data that is being processed (b) Control bus  control instructions between the CPU and other internal devices

7. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.76 C. Functions of the CPU (1) Booting Up a Computer System CPUBIOS Free the operating system and its application programs from learning the hardware addresses so they need not be changed when the device details change. Manage data transfer between the operating system ad attached hardware devices. hardware devices. Load the operating system (from the hard disk or floppy disk) (from the hard disk or floppy disk) into RAM. Boot up a computer system. Determine all attachments are in place and optional.

8. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.77 (2) Running Program Instructions Registers Registers Registers Registers ControlUnit ALU MainMemory 0000 LDA 2000 0004 ADD 2004 0008 JPN 300C 000C SUB 2008

9. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.78 Intel Celeron, Intel Pentium and AMD are three common types of CPU. State their differences and compare their advantages and disadvantages.

10. Excellence Publication Co. Ltd. Volume 1 2.79 Back