1. Tissues Of The Human Body

2. Epithelial Cells Simple squamous Simple squamous –1. single layer of flat cells –2. Has a centrally located nucleus –3. Lines heart, blood vessels, air sacs, and forms serous membranes –4. functions in: filtration, diffusion, osmosis, and secretions of serous membranes

4. Simple cuboidal –1. single layer of cube shaped cells –2. has a centrally located nucleus –3. covers surface of ovary, lines kidney tubules –4. functions in secretion and absorption

6. Nonciliated simple columnar epithelium –1. single layer of nonciliated rectangular cells –2. nucleus at the base of cells –3. lines gastrointestinal tract from esophagus to anus –4. functions in secretion and absorption –5. Contains goblet cells

8. Ciliated simple columnar epithelium –1. single layer of ciliated rectangular shaped cells –2. nucleus at base of cells –3. contains goblet cells in some locations –4. lines portion of upper respiratory tract, uterine tubules, and central canal of spinal cord. –5. moves mucous and other substances by cillary action

10. Stratified squamous –1. several layers of cells –2. cuboidal to columnar in deep layers; flat cells in superficial layers –3. forms superficial layer of skin; Lines wet surfaces –4. functions in protection

12. Stratified Cuboidal –1. Two or more layers where cells at apical surface are cube shaped –2. found in adult sweat glands and male urethra –3. protection and limited excretion and absorption

14. Stratified columnar –1. several layers of polyhedral cells; columnar cells are only in apical layer –2. Lines part of urethra and large excretory ducts of some glands –3. functions in protection and secretion

16. Transitional –1. Appearance is variable –2. shape of apical cells range from squamous to cuboidal –3. lines urinary bladder –4. permits distention

18. Pseudostratified columnar –1. Nuclei of cells are at different levels –2. all cells are attached at basement membrane but all do not reach apical surface –3. ciliated lines respiratory tract and nonciliated lines ducts of larger glands –4. movement of mucous and secretion

20. Glandular (endocrine glands) –1. Secretory products (hormones) diffuse into blood –2. pituitary gland, pineal gland in brain, Thyroid and parathyroid

21. Exocrine glands –1. secretory products released into ducts –2. sweat, oil, ear wax, mammary glands, salivary glands, and pancreas –3. functions in production of : sweat, oil, wax, milk, saliva, and digestive enzymes respectively

23. Connective Tissue Most abundant and widely distributed in body

24. Areolar –1. Consists of fibers and several kinds of cells –2. found in subcuataneous layer of skin, around blood vessels, nerves, and body organs –3. functions in strength, elasticity, and support –4. Holds organs together

26. Adipose –1. Cells are specialized to store fats in their cytoplasm –2. Nuclei are located on outside –3. found in subcutaneous layer deep to skin, around heart and kidneys, and padding around joints –4. functions in reducing heat loss, store energy (lipids), supports and protects

28. Fiberous Dense Regular Connective –1. Matrix looks shiny white, consists of collagen fibers –2. fibroblasts present in rows between bundles –3. forms tendons (muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone)

30. Cartilage –1. Matrix is gristle like –2. Chondrites (cartilage cells) are found in the matrix –3. Types: a. Hyaline (makes up esophagus) a. Hyaline (makes up esophagus) b. Fibrocartilage (makes up vertebra disks) b. Fibrocartilage (makes up vertebra disks) c. Elastic (makes up auricles of ear) c. Elastic (makes up auricles of ear)

32. Bone –1. Consists of osteons –2. Spongy bone constitutes a matrix (trabeculae) filled with marrow –3. functions in support, hemopoesis, serves as levers to move tissues

34. Blood –1. Consists of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes –2. found within vessels and chambers of the heart –3. function in gas exchange and immune response

36. Muscle Tissue

37. Skeletal –1. Long, cylindrical, striated fibers with many peripheral nuclei –2. usually attached to bones by tendons –3. function in voluntary movement and heat production

39. Cardiac –1. Branched striated fibers with one or two internal nuclei –2. Make up heart wall –3. Pumps blood

41. Smooth –1. spindle shaped, non striated, with one central nucleus –2. controls involuntary movement –3. walls of blood vessels, airways to lungs, stomach, and intestine –4. Function in movement

43. Nervous Tissue

44. Nerves Consist of neurons and neuroglia (supportive and connective cells) Consist of neurons and neuroglia (supportive and connective cells) Neurons consist of cell body, multiple dendrites, and one axon Neurons consist of cell body, multiple dendrites, and one axon Functions in communication Functions in communication