1. CATALYST 1. Pick up your quiz #3 from the front of your graded work folder. 2. Update your quiz tracker! 3. Catalyst: List some things that you have control over when you conduct an experiment.

2. SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA

3. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008

4. TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL CONTROLS (1) 1) Experimental group versus Control groups Experimental group: treatment Control group : no treatment Control group is necessary for a comparison

5. EXAMPLE OF TYPE 1 Study What are the effects of vitamin C supplements on the number of colds a person gets per year? Experimental Group Participants are given a vitamin C tablet Control Group Participants in this group are not given any vitamin tablet

6. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types 1.Experimental Group (treatment) vs. Control Group (no treatment) Ex. Vitamin C tablet vs. no tablet

7. TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL CONTROLS (2) 2) Control over the levels or values of the independent variable REMEMBER: Independent Variable: the variable you are able to CHANGE or CONTROL Dependent Variable: that you can measure which is affected by the independent variable

8. EXAMPLE OF TYPE 2 Study What are the effects of vitamin C supplements on the number of colds a person gets per year? Independent Variable The variable that we can change is the vitamin C We can CONTROL or CHANGE the value of vitamin C Changing the amount in each tablet 250 mg, 500 mg, 1000 mg Giving the same independent variable to each participant

9. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types 1.Experimental Group (treatment) vs. Control Group (no treatment) Ex. Vitamin C tablet vs. no tablet 2.Control over levels/values of IV Ex. Amount of Vitamin C

10. TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL CONTROLS (3) 3) Control over the experimental setting Preventing extraneous variables

11. EXAMPLE OF TYPE 3 Controlling the noise in an auditory perception experiment (how well people can hear)

12. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types 1.Experimental Group (treatment) vs. Control Group (no treatment) Ex. Vitamin C tablet vs. no tablet 2.Control over levels/values of IV Ex. Amount of Vitamin C 3. Control over exp. Setting Ex. Noise level in exp.

13. TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL CONTROLS (4) 4) Control Variable A potential independent variable that is held constant across conditions in an experiment.

14. EXAMPLE OF TYPE 4 4) Control Variable Question: Does the mass of a pencil affect the time it takes to fall to the ground? Control Variable: You would drop the pencil from the same height for every experiment. Why?

15. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types 1.Experimental Group (treatment) vs. Control Group (no treatment) Ex. Vitamin C tablet vs. no tablet 2.Control over levels/values of IV Ex. Amount of Vitamin C 3. Control over exp. Setting Ex. Noise level in exp. 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp.

16. The experimenter has an obligation to report ALL the results of an experiment, NOT just those that support his/her hypothesis. GATHERING DATA OBSERVE

17. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types Gatheri ng Data 3. Control over exp. Setting Ex. Noise level in exp. 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp. - Must report ALL data

18. GATHERING DATA ORGANIZE Prepare a data table in your laboratory notebook A data table ensures consistency Makes it easier to analyze your results

19. TIPS FOR TABLE MAKING Put a title at the top of every table Briefly describe what is contained in the table. Include a table number at the start of the table (such as Table 1.)

20. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types Gatheri ng Data 3. Control over exp. Setting Ex. Noise level in exp. 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp. - Must report ALL data - Create tables - Title @ top

21. Use plain numbers. The units should go in the title instead of putting letters next to the numbers. Don’t skip lines. Label the columns and rows. TIPS FOR TABLE MAKING

22. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types Gatheri ng Data 3. Control over exp. Setting Ex. Noise level in exp. 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp. - Must report ALL data - Create tables - Title @ top - Label units @ top

23. Keep all the units the same Example: instead of 2 min 30 sec, put 150 seconds Use decimals, not fractions. TIPS FOR TABLE MAKING

24. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types Gatheri ng Data 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp. - Must report ALL data - Create tables - Title @ top - Label units @ top - Keep all units same

25. Need to have IV on left column & DV on right column! TIPS FOR TABLE MAKING

26. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types Gatheri ng Data 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp. - Must report ALL data - Create tables - Title @ top - Label units @ top - Keep all units same - IV on left; DV on right

27. EXAMPLE 1 Hours of a Day Spent on Activities ActivityHours Sleep6 School6 Job4 Entertainment4 Meals2 Homework2 IV DV

28. EXAMPLE 2 IV DV

29. EXAMPLE 3 IV DV

30. CONTROLS & GATHERING DATA 09.08.2008 Control Types Gatheri ng Data 4. Control Variable – held constant/same in all trials Ex. Height of pencil in time vs. mass exp. - Must report ALL data - Create tables - Title @ top - Label units @ top - Keep all units same

31. PRACTICE (LEFT PAGE) Make a table that measures the number of people in this classroom that have a birthday in each month. YOU HAVE FOUR MINUTES TO GATHER THIS DATA.

32. PRACTICE (LEFT PAGE) Make a table that measures the number of people in this classroom that have a birthday in each month. Birth Month# People in Class Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June. July August Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. IV DV TABLE 1: # People in Class w/ Certain Birth Months.

33. SUMMARY Take 3 minutes to write a summary of today’s notes. When done, work on your homework packet!