1. Aging or decreasing population LO: to describe how a population can start to decline and explain some of the effects this can have All of you will name two countries with aging populations and explain why this is the case Most of you will describe and explain, using examples, the effects of a decreasing population Some of you will suggest action that the government of these countries may have to take to support their populations

2. What is happening to Japan’s population? What can you tell about birth/death rates and life expectancy? Total population in 2008 127 mill Total population in 2025 (Est) 127.14 mill Birth rate8.1 Death rate8.9 Rate of natural increase -0.09 Population over 65 years old (%) 20

3. How can a population decrease? To maintain a stable population, MEDC countries need to have a fertility rate of 2.1. If fertility rates drop below this i.e. if women have less that 2 children each, the population can begin to drop. This can affect the dependency ratio (the ratio between economically active and those who are dependent on them) 1.Name two countries with a decreasing population 2.Explain how a country’s population can decrease Summary of how its happening http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJX0HUBvYQ4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJX0HUBvYQ4 3. Why might the birth rate drop?

4. Effects of an aging/ decreasing population? Jobs Counter Urbanisation Separate Living Crime prison Less people means there are jobs for everyone ( ) but it also means there are less skilled workers for employers to chose from (  ). Elderly people need money during their retirement. Some find jobs in places like McDonalds, some become homeless, some turn to crime  Older people who no longer work often move to remote rural areas, this puts pressure on services in these areas  Many elderly move to warmer, cheaper areas or countries e.g. UK pensioners move to Cyprus. This can leave them feeling isolated or lonely . Why are Japanese pensioners committing crimes? Robotics

5. What should be done? Is it okay for a population to age and decrease? Is an aging population sustainable? Should a country force people to have more children? Who should bear the cost of looking after the elderly? Tax payers / family / the elderly? 3. Explain what you think should happen in Japan (and Italy). What can the government do to slow or reverse the situation?