1. The British Colonies Day 2
APUSH PERIOD 2
Mr. davis

2. The restoration colonies
In 1642, the English Civil War comes to an end.
King Charles I is executed and replaced by Puritan leader Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell’s military rule collapses in 1658
The monarchy is restored in 1660 with King Charles II
All colonies founded after this time are all referred to as Restoration colonies
From now on all colonies would be proprietary colonies

3. Types of Colonies Royal Colony Proprietary Colony
Owned by the king
Proprietary Colony
Individuals were awarded huge tracts of land that they would then supervise and govern, usually in return for political or financial favor
Self-governing Colony
King grants a charter to a joint stock company, who then sets up how the colony will be operated

4. The Middle Colonies

6. Pennsylvania (1681) Founded by William Penn The Society of Friends
Received the charter from the King of England after he repaid his father's debts
The Society of Friends
Quakers
Pacifist protestant sect
Persecuted in England
Penn designs Pennsylvania as a religious refuge for the Quakers

9. Pennsylvania (1681) Quaker beliefs
Emphasized the personal inner religious experience
Opposed slavery and refused to fight in any war
Churches had no leaders and women were treated as equals
Criticized the Puritan idea that only a small elite could attain salvation
Quakers felt that all people had the capacity to personally relate to God

10. Pennsylvania (1681) Pennsylvania Society No legally established church
All Christians could worship freely
All men who owned land could vote and hold political office
Peaceful relations with the Native Americans
Highly diverse colony
Penn distributed pamphlets in German and Dutch speaking areas of Europe
This drives the colony’s success and population growth

11. New York (1664)
King Charles II gives land to his younger brother, the Duke of York, James.
Region included the area between the Connecticut and Delaware Rivers
Includes the Hudson River Valley and Long Island
Who was there?
James organized an invasion of Manhattan Island
The Dutch leader, Peter Stuyvesant, surrenders without resistance
Renames it New York

12. New York (1664)
King Charles II gives land to his younger brother, the Duke of York, James.
Region included the area between the Connecticut and Delaware Rivers
Includes the Hudson River Valley and Long Island
Who was there?
James organized an invasion of Manhattan Island
The Dutch leader, Peter Stuyvesant, surrenders without resistance
New Netherlands renamed New York

13. New York (1664) Colony grows slowly
Mostly b/c of the amount of people that were already there
Many would retain their land titles and legal practices
English authority was gradually introduced
1665 the Duke’s Laws
English legal code
Allowed non-English settlers some freedom
1683 James allows colonists’ to form an elected legislature

15. New Jersey (1664) Part of King Charles II’s land grant to James
James would regrant the land b/w Hudson and Delaware Rivers to two friends:
Sir George Carteret
John Lord Berkeley
Grew faster than New York Colony b/c:
Provide generous land grants to settlers
Granted some freedom and religion
Approved of a representative government for the settlers
Without the permission from the king

16. The Southern Colonies

17. Carolina (1670)
King Charles II issues a grant eight of his court favorites
The Lords Proprietors
Highly successful colony
Developed close ties to the English West Indies
Despite the Lords Proprietors being highly vocal opponents of enslavement and trading of Indians:
Colonists captured natives and sent them to work in the sugarcane fields and sugar mills of the West indies
Occasionally sent the to New England

19. Carolina (1670) Economics Unable to grow tropical plants Turned to:
Herding cattle
Growing corn
Traded for deerskins
Due to two distinct population centers, the Carolina colony is split into North and South Carolina in 1729