2. What are our organs made up of? How do you know? computation (kam pyu ‘ta shen) (noun) - the act or process of computing or calculating something; calculation The solution to the problem required a series of careful computations whereby if one followed the order of operations one arrived at the answer easily.

3. CELLS!

4. What are cells? Robert Hooke in 1665 first called the tiny chambers he saw in a microscope cells. All living things are made out of cells! Cells contain living matter. CELLS MAKE UP EVERY LIVING THING! Plants are made of CELLS! Animals are made of CELLS! Bacteria are CELLS! Can we see them? Most cells are very small so we can’t see them without a microscope BUT a chicken egg is just one large cell..

5. Let’s talk about scale…

6. The Cell Theory What do cells have to do with life? 1.All living things are composed of cells 2.Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3.New cells are produced from existing cells

7. All living things ProkaryotesEukaryotes Plants Animals Fungi Protists (unicellular eukaryotes)

8. Why are cells named that way? From Greek words… EU means TRUE PRO means BEFORE KARYON means NUCLEUS Eukaryote = TRUE NUCLEUS Prokaryote = BEFORE NUCLEUS All cells have DNA, in eukaryotes it is stored in the nucleus Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus, and it floats around in the cytoplasm the nucleoid region Only eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles

10. Prokaryotic cells (prokaryotes) Do not have a nucleus--their DNA is spread through the cell Do not have membrane-bound organelles Known as BACTERIA!!! Are always UNICELLULAR Only made up of one cell!

12. What type of bacteria are in yogurt? streptococcus thermophilus

13. What type of bacteria give me strep throat? Streptococcus- many different types

14. What type of bacteria are in my intestines? Candida albicans

15. Eukaryotic Cells (eukaryotes) Larger and more complex than prokaryotes They have a NUCLEUS that separates the cell’s genetic material from the rest of the cell They also have membrane-bound organelles (like Golgi apparatus, ER, lysosomes, etc.) Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi, protists (unicellular eukaryotes)

16. Test Yourself! Statement ProkaryoticEukaryotic 1. Have a nucleus 2. Have membrane-bound organelles 3. Contain genetic material (DNA) 4. Can be single or multi-celled 5. Can only be single-celled. 6. Have a plasma membrane and cytoplasm

17. Types of Eukaryotes: Animal vs. Plant Cells No cell walls (only cell/plasma membrane) No chloroplasts Many small vacuoles for storage Cell wall (gives rectangular shape) and cell/plasma membrane Chloroplasts for photosynthesis One large central vacuole Animal cellsPlant cells