1. Daniel R. Kapusta, Ph.D. Department of Pharmacology, LSUHSC MEB Rm 7106 568-3940; dkapus@lsuhsc.edu Renal Transport of Sodium, Chloride and other Solutes

2. Total Body Sodium Balance: Input = Output

3. Renal excretion of sodium

4. Renal handling of water, electrolytes and solutes

5. Renal handling of sodium

6. Renal process involved in the production of urine 1) Glomerular filtration 2) Renal tubular secretion 3) Renal tubular reabsorption

7. Glomerular filtration

8. Tubular secretion

9. PCT organic acid secretory transport system

10. PCT organic base secretory transport system

11. Tubular filtration and reabsorption Average Values for Several Substances Handled by Filtration and Reabsorption Amount Filtered Amount % Substanceper DayExcreted Reabsorbed Water, L 180 1.8 99.0 Sodium, g 630 3.2 99.5 Glucose, g 180 0 100 Urea, g 56 28 50

12. Segmental renal tubular sodium reabsorption

13. Tuboglomerular feedback regulation of sodium chloride excretion

14. Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)

15. Regulation of sodium excretion – Glomerulotubular balance

18. Transport pathways across tubular cells

19. Sodium, glucose and bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule

20. Renal tubular reabsorption of glucose

21. - The increase in sodium loss in the urine, a ‘natriuresis’, causes water to follow and thus produce diuresis - Diuretics increase the rate of urine formation by interfering with the reabsorption of sodium by the nephron - Diuretics are drugs that increase the net excretion of water from the body

22. “Mannitol”

24. Carbonic Anhydrase Carbonic Anhydrase

27. Electrolyte transport pathways in the TALH

30. Sodium and chloride reabsorption in the early distal convoluted tubule

33. Sodium - potassium exchange in the late distal convoluted tubule

37. AVP-dependent water permeability in the distal nephron

38. Vasopressin – mediated water reabsorption