1. Objectives: SWBAT recognize the impact of the Phoenicians on Ancient Greece. Calisthenics:

2. Cultural Diffusion in Ancient Greece
Big Question of the day: How did cultural diffusion affect Ancient Greece?
Two examples:
Alexander the Great spreads Hellenistic Culture.
Phoenicians spread their alphabet.

3. A message from Herodotus
Herodotus was a Greek historian who lived in the 5th century BCE. He wrote the history of many peoples in the region of Greece.
Herodotus wrote about one civilization called, “the Phoenician civilization”. Read his quote about the Phoenicians to determine why the Phoenicians are considered vehicles of cultural diffusion.

4. A message from Herodotus
“Now the Phoenicians … introduced into Greece upon their arrival a great variety of arts, among the rest that of writing, whereof the Greeks till then had, as I think, been ignorant. And originally they [the Greeks] shaped their letters exactly like all the other Phoenicians, but afterwards, in course of time, they changed by degrees their language, and together with it the form likewise of their characters.” - Herodotus
Why are the Phoenicians considered vehicles of cultural diffusion?

5. Help Herodotus
I am concerned that my history of the Phoenicians may be out of date. Please help me by writing your own history of the Phoenicians. Try to write so everyone can understand it. Most importantly of all, make sure your history is accurate. Watch the movie clip carefully and pay close attention during notes so you get everything right. As historians, we have a name to protect!

6. Movie: The Phoenicians
The Phoenicians set up colonies along the Mediterranean sea. Why was this important for their economy?
Were all of the Phoenician colonies unified or independent?
What was the Phoenicians’ greatest legacy?
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7. Movie Questions
The Phoenicians set up colonies along the Mediterranean sea. Why was this important for their economy?
Were all of the Phoenician colonies unified or independent?

8. Phoenicians
Phoenician civilization was a loose organization of independent city-states each ruled by a separate king. 

9. Movie Questions
The Phoenicians set up colonies along the Mediterranean sea. Why was this important for their economy?

10. Traders
Phoenicians were traders.  They traveled by boat to trade goods across seas. 
Phoenicians developed colonies along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea to increase trade.

11. Movie Questions
The Phoenicians set up colonies along the Mediterranean sea. Why was this important for their economy?
Were all of the Phoenician colonies unified or independent?
What was the Phoenicians’ greatest legacy?

12. Beginnings of an Alphabet
Phoenicians created an alphabet of 22 consonants, symbols that stood for sounds. 

13. Cultural Diffusion
Phoenicians spread their alphabet to Ancient Greece and other civilizations through trade and interaction.

14. First True Alphabet
The Greeks built on the Phoenician system to create the first true alphabet, a system consonants and vowels that could be used to spell out their spoken language.

15. Check for Understanding
What type of political organization did the Phoenicians have?
Why did the Phoenicians develop colonies along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea?
Phoenicians traded many goods to Greece. What else did they give the Greeks?
How did the Greeks get the alphabet from the Phoenicians?
How are the Phoenicians and their alphabet an example of cultural diffusion?
Which civilization developed the first TRUE alphabet, including vowels.