1. ParameterBuckBoostBuck/Boost Pulse Current InputOutput Both Topology Impacts on Component Stress

2. Single Ended Primary Inductor SEPIC + V IN - + V OUT - + V C2 - I L1 I L3

3. CUK Converter + V IN - + V OUT - + V C2 -

4. Worst Case Conditions If it is desired that a converter operate in CCM at all times, it must be recognized that DCM occurs for low values of inductor currents. For regulated output applications, this condition is associated with large resistance (low current) loading, and/or high input voltages. Inductor values should be chosen accordingly, with appropriate safety factors. Low Voltage Applications For low output voltage applications (~ 1 v) the voltage drop associated with a freewheeling diode may be unacceptably high. In this case, the diode is replace by another active switching device with very low ON-resistance.

5. Interleaving Converters Multiple converters can be operated in parallel with their switching waveforms delayed with respect to each other (phase shifted). This tends to smooth out the residual pulsation currents.