1. AAE450 Senior Spacecraft Design Breanne Wooten Week 2: January 25 th, 2007 Human Factors/APM Human Limitations/Taxi Capsule

2. AAE450 Senior Spacecraft Design Human Limitations Artificial Gravity –Constraints: Spin rate less than 4 rpm Min habitat tangential velocity (10 m/s) Radiation Shielding –Taxi Capsule: 12000 kg –Hab Safe room: 7176 kg External: 19462 kg Total: 26,638 kg Acceleration –Assuming properly restrained, pre-conditioned crew –Less than 5 g’s for sustained burns Comfort Zone 1g 1/3g 4 RPM Min Tangential Velocity Human Tolerances for Artificial Gravity (Based on Hall, ref 1)

3. AAE450 Senior Spacecraft Design Taxi Capsule # Crew4 # Days4 Units Mass15500kg Power3kW Habitable Volume 12m3m3 Includes: –Food –Water –Life Support –Radiation Shielding Does NOT include: –Structure –Heat Shield –Reaction Control System

4. AAE450 Senior Spacecraft Design References [1] Hall, Theodore W. “Artificial Gravity and the Architecture of Orbital Habitats”. 20 March 1997. [2] Larson W.J, and Linda Pranke. Human Spaceflight: Mission Analysis and Design. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Crawfordsville. [3] Hanford, Anthony J. Ph.D., Advanced Life Support Baseline Values and Assumptions Document. NASA-Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. Houston, Texas. 2004. [4] Man-Systems Integration Standards. NASA-STD-3000. Revision B. NASA-Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. July 1995. Last updated: 6/15/05.

5. AAE450 Senior Spacecraft Design Backup – Artificial Gravity a – acceleration Ω – angular acceleration r – rotational radius t – angular velocity Rpm = (π/30)*Ω a = Ω 2 r  r = a/ Ω 2 t = Ωr To minimize nausea, dizziness, etc: t > 10 m/s; RPM < 4;

6. AAE450 Senior Spacecraft Design Backup – Radiation Shielding Suggested Taxi Shielding: 5 g/cm 2 Suggested Material: Aluminum (2.78 g/cm 3 ) and Polyethelyne (1.00 g/cm 3 ) 5 ≈ t Al *ρ Al + t PE *ρ PE =(1)(2.78)+(3)*(1) = 5.78 g/cm 2 Mass of Shielding = 5.78*Surface Area = 5.78*207 =12000 kg = 12 mt