1. G RAPHIC E LEMENTS

2. BORDER Plain or decorative frame around any page element can bring focus.

3. BORDER

4. BLEED Extending a picture beyond the edge of the page, leaving no external margin

5. BLEED

7. BUTT To join elements without overlapping or space between

8. BUTT EXAMPLES

9. COLLAGE A grouping of photos, often COBs, which overlap and do not have captions.

10. COLLAGE EXAMPLES

13. CORNER EFFECT Modify the shape of corners, i.e. rounded, inverse, bevelled, inset.

14. CORNER EFFECT EXAMPLES

15. CORNER EFFECT

16. COB (CUT OUT BACKGROUND) A photo with the background cut away using Photoshop.

17. COB (CUT OUT BACKGROUND)

19. DROP SHADOW Shadow applied to photo/text to add depth.

20. DROP SHADOW

22. FEATHERED EDGES Soften edges of object or picture.

23. FEATHERED EDGES

26. GRADIENT Type of screen that changes from one colour or value to another.

27. GRADIENT

30. MORTICE Cutting away a part of a photo so that type or another element may be inserted. (Different from COB, because it is not cut all the way around).

31. MORTICE

33. RULE LINES Lines of varying widths used to graphically link/separate elements on a spread. They are often used to separate a block of copy or adding character to a headline.

34. RULE LINES

36. SCREEN Percentage of black ink (gray screen). This technique gives the effect of colour in a black and white layout. Gray screen may be used for rules lines, text boxes, initial letters, headlines, etc.

37. SCREEN

39. SHAPES Shapes can bring visual interest. Shape tools include rectangle, ellipse, polygon.

40. SHAPES symbolizes infinity and protectiveness. symbolizes honesty & stability. symbolizes action or conflict

41. SHAPES

42. OUTLINES An outline is when a line is drawn around an element

43. TRANSPARENCY Applying transparency to objects allows you to see through an object. This is also known as “Opacity”.

44. TRANSPARENCY

47. TYPE ON A PATH