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V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 The environmental performance of plastic pipe systems An assessment based on Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)

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Presentation on theme: "V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 The environmental performance of plastic pipe systems An assessment based on Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)"— Presentation transcript:

1 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 The environmental performance of plastic pipe systems An assessment based on Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)

2 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Outline About TEPPFA Our goal What is a life-cycle assessment What is an Environmental Product Declaration - EPD Development of EPDs Indicators Plastic pipe systems applications Key results Detailed environmental impact assessment

3 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 About TEPPFA  TEPPFA is The European Plastic Pipes and Fittings Association representing the key manufacturers of plastic pipe systems and national associations in Europe  TEPPFA is actively involved in the promotion and acceptance of plastic pipe systems for all applications  TEPPFA members decided on voluntary basis to develop EPD’s for their main products

4 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Our goal This initiative aims to measure the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems throughout their entire life cycle Manufacturing Transport Use End of life

5 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 What is a life cycle assessment?  A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a standardized tool that reviews the environmental impact of products throughout their entire life cycle  It is the most recognised method to quantify environmental impacts of products, processes and/or systems

6 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 What is an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)?  EPD provides a standard way of communicating the output of a life cycle assessment  EPD allows to make direct comparisons with alternative materials  The EPD provides LCA-based information to assess the environmental performance of plastic pipes over their entire life cycle, from cradle to grave

7 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Development of EPDs Companies provided data Review Creator of framework Life-cycle assessment

8 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Indicators The Life Cycle Impact on the environment is divided into the following categories: Acidification potential: emissions from manufacturing processes resulting in acid rain Abiotic depletion: exhaustion of natural resources Eutrophication: over-fertilisation of water and soil Global warming: insulating effect of greenhouse gases, such as CO 2 and methane Ozone layer depletion: depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere caused by emissions of pollutants Photochemical oxidation: photochemical reaction of sunlight with primary air pollutants, that leads to chemical smog

9 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Applications of plastic pipe systems Soil, waste Water distribution pressure Drainage, sewage Plumbing, Hot & Cold water

10 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Detailed environmental impact assessment Sewage applications (non pressure) -> PVC sewer solid wall -> PVC multilayer foam -> PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe system -> PP structured (twin) wall Water distribution applications (pressure) -> PE pipe systems -> PVC – U pipe systems -> PVC – O; MRS 31,5 MPa pipe systems -> PVC – O; MRS 45 MPa pipe systems Soil and waste applications -> PP pipe systems -> PVC pipe systems Plumbing, Hot & Cold applications -> PEX solid wall pipe systems -> Polymer/Al/Polymer ML pipe systems

11 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Soil and waste applications DRAINAGE - SEWAGE SIDE (non-pressure) Pipe systems PP PVC

12 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP; Soil & waste pipe systems – functional unit Function  Gravity discharge and transport of soil and waste from an apartment of 100 m 2 to the entrance of a public sewer system Properties Pipes  5 m, plain ended, solid wall, single layer, grey coloured  Diameter range: DN/OD 50; 75; 110 mm Fittings  all socket type Pipes and fittings  designed in class S20 according to EN 12056-2  PP pipe system components (pipes, fittings and rubber rings) are in accordance with EN 1451 Service lifetime  50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment) Soil & waste gravity pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.

13 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Average appr. 9 % Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures PP soil & waste pipe systems environmental performance * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

14 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP soil & waste pipe systems environmental performance Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PP pipe system 1 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PP pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

15 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP soil & waste pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

16 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC; Soil & waste pipe systems – functional unit Function  Gravity discharge and transport of soil and waste from a typical European apartment of 100 m 2 to the entrance of a public sewer system Properties Pipes  5 m,  Plain ended, solid wall, single layer, grey coloured  Diameter range: DN/OD 50; 75; 110 mm Fittings  all socket type  SBR ring sealed (50%)  Solvent cemented (50%) Pipes and fittings  EN 1329  Application area code: B; BD Service lifetime  50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment) Soil & waste gravity pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.

17 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC soil & waste pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 14 % Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

18 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC soil & waste pipe systems global warming comparison Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC pipe system 1,6 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

19 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC soil & waste pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

20 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Water pressure applications Pipe systems PE PVC – U PVC – O; MRS 31,5 MPa PVC – O; MRS 45 MPa

21 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PE water pressure pipe systems – functional unit Function  Below ground pressure transportation of drinking water over a distance of 100 meters from the exit of the water plant to the water meter in a building Properties  Diameter: DN/OD 110 mm  Length 100 m  PE 100  SDR 17  Wall thickness 6,6 mm  Fittings (EF & BW)  Flow 0,5-2,0 m/s  EN 12201 / EN 805 Service lifetime  100 years Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings etc.

22 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PE water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 19% Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

23 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PE water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PE pipe system 8,9 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PE pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

24 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PE water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

25 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-U water pressure pipe systems functional unit Function  Below ground pressure transportation of drinking water over a distance of 100 meters from the exit of the water plant to the water meter in a building Properties  Diameter: DN/OD 110 mm  Length 100 m  PVC-U; MRS 25MPa  SDR 26  Pressure class: PN 10  Wall thickness 4,2 mm  Fittings PVC-U and Ductile Iron socketed  Flow 0,5-2,0 m/s  EN ISO 1452 / EN 805 Service lifetime  100 years Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings etc.

26 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-U water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 17% Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

27 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–U water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC-U pipe system 8,9 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-U pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

28 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–U water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

29 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe functional unit Function  Below ground pressure transportation of drinking water over a distance of 100 meters from the exit of the water plant to the water meter in a building Properties  Diameter: DN/OD 110 mm  Length 100 m  PVC-U; MRS 31,5 Mpa  SDR 41  Pressure class: PN 10  Wall thickness 2,7 mm  Fittings PVC-U (EN ISO 1452) and Ductile Iron, socketed  Flow 0,5-2,0 m/s  ISO 16422 / EN 805 Service lifetime  100 years Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings etc.

30 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 14 % Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

31 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC-O; 31,5 MPa pipe system 7,2 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-O; 31,5 MPa pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

32 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

33 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; MRS 45 MPa; Water pressure pipe systems – functional unit Function  Below ground pressure transportation of drinking water over a distance of 100 meters from the exit of the water plant to the water meter in a building Properties  Diameter: DN/OD 110 mm  Length 100 m  PVC-U; MRS 45 Mpa  SDR 65  Pressure class: PN 10  Wall thickness 1,8 mm  Fittings PVC-U (EN ISO 1452) and Ductile Iron, socketed  Flow 0,5-2,0 m/s  ISO 16422 / EN 805 Service lifetime  100 years Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipe, fittings etc.

34 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 12 % Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

35 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC-O; 45 MPa pipe system 6,1 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-O; 45 MPa pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

36 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC–O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

37 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Sewage and drainage applications Pipe systems PVC-Solid wall PVC-ML foam PVC-ML foam +recyclates PP twin wall

38 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC solid wall; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit Function  Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Properties  Dia: DN/OD 250 mm  SN 4 kN/m 2  Length 100 m  Manhole at 45 m intervals  PVC-U solid wall SN 4  EN 1401  Socketed  PVC-U fittings  SBR sealing rings  Slope 1/200  Filling rate 100% Service lifetime  100 years Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.

39 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall – pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 92% Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

40 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems global warming comparison Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC solid wall pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC solid wall pipe system 26,9 Kg 334 Kg

41 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall – pipe systems global warming comparison Comparison is based on the functional unit Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

42 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam core; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit Function  Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Properties  Diameter: DN/OD 250 mm  SN 4 kN/m 2  Length 100 m  Manhole at 45 m intervals  PVC multilayer foam  EN 13476  Socketed  PVC-U fittings  SBR sealing rings  Slope 1/200  Filling rate 100% Service lifetime  100 years Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.

43 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam –pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 88 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

44 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam pipe systems global warming comparison Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC multilayer foam pipe system 22,7 Kg Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC solid wall pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

45 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam – pipe systems global warming comparison Comparison is based on the functional unit Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

46 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam plus recyclates Sewage pipe systems – functional unit Function  Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Properties  Diameter: DN/OD 250 mm  SN 4 kN/m 2  Length 100 m  Manhole at 45 m intervals  PVC multilayer recyclates  EN 13476  Socketed  PVC-U fittings  SBR sealing rings  Slope 1/200  Filling rate 100% Service lifetime  100 years Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.

47 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam + recyclates environmental performance Average appr. 88 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

48 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe systems global warming comparison Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system 21,7 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

49 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam + recyclates – global warming comparison Comparison is based on the functional unit Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent)

50 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP structured (twin) wall; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit Function  Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant. Properties  Diameter: DN/ID 300 mm  SN 8 kN/m 2  Length 100 m  Manhole at 45 m intervals  PP structured (twin) wall  EN 13476  Socketed  PP fittings  SBR sealing rings  Slope 1/200  Filling rate 100% Service lifetime  100 years Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.

51 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP structured (twin) wall pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 79 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

52 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP structured (twin) wall pipe systems global warming comparison Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PP structured (twin) wall pipe system 23,2 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon 334 Kg

53 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP structured (twin) wall pipe systems environmental performance Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

54 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 SUPPLY SIDE (pressure) Pipe systems PEX solid wall Polymer/Al/Polymer ML Plumbing, Hot & Cold applications

55 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PEX; Hot & Cold pipe systems – functional unit Function  The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m 2 to the taps Properties Pipes  PEX  Solid wall, single layer Fittings  PPSU and Brass  EN 806 and EN 15875 Service lifetime  50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment) Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings etc.

56 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PEX hot & cold pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 23 % Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

57 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km PEX pipe system 0,9 Kg 334 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PEX solid wall Hot&Cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon PEX hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison

58 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PEX hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

59 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Polymer/Aluminium/Polymer; Hot & Cold water pipe systems – functional unit Function  The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m2 to the taps Properties Pipes  Different wall structures and combinations of PE and PEX materials with Aluminium middle layer  EN ISO 21003 Fittings  PPSU and Brass System  EN 806 Service lifetime  50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment) Water distribution pressure pipe comprising pipes, fittings etc.

60 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems environmental performance Average appr. 20% Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

61 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison Global Warming (in Kg CO 2 equivalent) Transport aircraft 2000 km Pol/Al/Pol ML pipe system 0,8 Kg 334 Kg Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of Polymer/Al/Polymer ML Hot&Cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

62 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

63 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Conclusion The development of EPD’s allows a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems over their life cycle EPD’s indicate that the impact of plastic pipe systems on the environment is smaller than traditional materials TEPPFA is committed to review the EPD’s every 5 years according to ISO standards and EN 15804 requirements TEPPFA members are committed to further reduce the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems

64 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Contact info TEPPFA Avenue de Cortenbergh, 71 1000 Brussels Belgium tel: +32 2 736 24 06 fax: +32 2 736 58 82 www.teppfa.eu info@teppfa.org

65 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Back up slides - Indicators

66 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Environmental indicators from the life cycle assessment The Life Cycle Impact of the system on the environment is divided into the categories*: 1. Abiotic depletion 2. Acidification 3. Eutrophication 4. Global warming 5. Ozone layer depletion 6. Photochemical oxidation * These 6 environmental impact criteria were chosen for the first 12 plastic pipe EPDs based on the prEN 15804 draft standard for EPDs used in building and construction, as recommended by the CEN (European Committee for Standardisation)/TC Technical Committee. The final EN15804 standard, which came into force in 2012, actually specifies 7 impact criteria, rather than 6 (in the final vote stage the impact category abiotic depletion was divided into two parts. One for fossil resources like oil, etc. and expressed in MJ equivalent. The other part covers the depletion of non-fossil resources (elements) and it is expressed in the Sb equivalent. Any further EPDs developed by TEPPFA will follow the newly published standard and use 7 impact categories.

67 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 1. Abiotic depletion Over-extraction of minerals, fossil fuels and other non-living, non-renewable materials leads to exhaustion of our natural resources 2.Acidification potential Emissions, such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, from manufacturing processes result in acid rain which harms our soil, water supplies, human and animal organisms, and our ecosystem

68 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 3.Eutrophication potential Eutrophication results from over-fertilisation of water and soil by nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous from human activity, speeding up plant growth and killing off animal life in lakes and waterways 4.Global warming potential (CO 2 equivalent) The insulating effect of greenhouse gases, such as CO 2 and methane, in our atmosphere is a major contributor to global warming, affecting our health and that of the ecosystem in which we live

69 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 5.Ozone-depletion potential Depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere caused by the emission of chemical foaming and cleaning agents allows the passage of greater levels of UV from the sun, causing skin cancer and reducing crop yields 6.Photochemical oxidation potential The photochemical reaction of sunlight with primary air pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides leads to chemical smog that affect our health and that of our ecosystem and food crops

70 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Back up slides – Detailed data

71 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Important information  All data presented are on yearly basis  Data for traditional materials (Concrete, Ductile Iron and Copper) are based on publicly available data  Traditional material LCA reports have been validated (critical reviews by Denkstatt completed in 2011 - 2012)  All the studies are the property of TEPPFA  For more information please contact info@teppfa.org or visit www.teppfa.euinfo@teppfa.orgwww.teppfa.eu

72 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications

73 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications

74 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications

75 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications

76 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PE water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

77 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PE water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

78 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-U water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

79 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-U water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

80 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

81 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

82 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

83 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC-O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems – environmental performance

84 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems

85 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems

86 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer multilayer, foam core pipe systems

87 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer multilayer, foam core pipe systems

88 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer multilayer, foam + recyclates core pipe systems

89 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer multilayer, foam + recyclates core pipe systems

90 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP sewer structured (twin wall) pipe systems

91 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PP sewer structured (twin wall) pipe systems

92 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PEX pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold, solid wall applications

93 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PEX pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold, solid wall applications

94 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Polymer/Al/Polymer ML pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold applications

95 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Polymer/Al/Polymer ML pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold applications

96 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Back up slides – sensitivity analyses

97 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems environmental performance Sensitivity analysis vs concrete 300mm Average appr. 85 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

98 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems global warming comparison Sensitivity analysis vs concrete 300mm Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit

99 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam pipe systems environmental performance Sensitivity analysis vs. concrete DN 300 mm Average appr. 78 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

100 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit PVC multilayer foam pipe systems environmental performance Sensitivity analysis vs. concrete DN 300 mm

101 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe systems environmental performance Sensitivity analysis vs concrete DN 300 mm Average appr. 77 % Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures * Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by Denkstatt Comparison is based on the functional unit

102 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 Impact on global warming (in kg CO 2 equivalent) Comparison is based on the functional unit PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe systems global warming comparison Sensitivity analysis vs concrete DN 300 mm

103 V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 Thank you for choosing environmentally friendly plastic pipe systems

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Ecology and Ecological Health Ecology Defined Biochemical Cycles: The Carbon Cycle Energy Flow Through a Community or Ecosystem Symbiotic Relationships.

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Pollution. Smog smog – mixture of chemicals that forms a haze in the air (Nitrogen Oxides etc) smoke from cars and factories release the chemicals.

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