1. Human Population
The spread of what disease is threatening people from Kenya in their reproductive years?

2. Is the disease density dependent or density independent?
Questions
Is the disease density dependent or density independent?
How differently would the disease spread in a developing country as opposed to a developed country?

3. Learning Goals and Activities
Compare and contrast gender roles and family planning strategies in developed and developing countries.
Describe how countries transition as their population changes
List the negative impacts of population growth on the plant
Disease Spread activity
Video
Powerpoint
Go over homework

4. Developed vs. Developing Countries

5. Women’s Role There is a strong connection between the level of education and financial independence women have and fertility rates
Developed
Developing
More education – reproductive health and vocational knowledge
More women at work out of the home
Children not needed to support the family
Children not needed to care for aging family
Average fertility is lower
Less Education
Less women working out of the home
Children work (farming, gathering, family business)- so more children is helpful
Elderly rely on their children for care and support
Average Fertility is higher

6. Population Campaigns Fertility rates HIGH
Developing
Developed
Fertility rates HIGH
Access to food, water, medical care, education DIFFICULT
Strategy- REDUCE FERTILITY RATE (less babies/woman)
India, Kenya, 1970s China
Fertility Rates LOW (< 2)
Growing elderly population w/ no one to care for them
Less humans to take over key positions in society- gov’t, medicine, education
Strategy- RAISE FERTILITY RATES (more babies/woman)
Japan, most of Europe

7. Demographic Transition
watch?v=6P2bsPWCRvM

8. The Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition- a model based on observations and histories of developed countries that describe how population trends occur
Takes about 1-3 generations for the demographic transition to occur in most developed countries

9. The Demographic Transition
Stage 1 (preindustrial): high birth and death rate; stable population size
US until about 1700
Stage 2 (transitional): death rates decline as hygiene, nutrition, and education improve; high birth rates; fast population growth
Population could double in less than 30 yrs

10. The Demographic Transition
Stage 3 (industrial): birth rate decreases; birth and death rates become closer to the same level and population starts to stabilize
Stage 4 (post-industrial): birth rate goes below replacement level and population decreases

11. The Demographic Transition

12. The demographic transition is a(n):
Untested hypothesis
Natural law
Model based on observed patterns
International law
A country in the second stage of the demographic transition may have all of the follow except:
Increasing agricultural production
Improving healthcare and education
Decreasing population size
Decreasing death rates 

13. According to the theory of demographic transition, population in Stage 1 tend to:
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Be large
Countries that have entered the third stage of demographic transition are most probably characterized by:
Weak or developing countries
Death rates that far exceed birth rates
Societal conditions that favor smaller families
Populations with a high proportion of young people

14. Problems of Rapid Population Growth

15. Resource depletion ex. Shortage of fuel wood
Access to resources
Habitat destruction/fragmentation
Strains on Infrastructure
Increased Pollution
Biodiversity Loss
Public health issues – Contagious Disease
Shortage of Energy resources
Acceleration of climate change
Lack of space for housing
Lack of arable (farmable) land
Lack of forest lands
Access to clean water
Political Conflict

16. Resource Depletion
Poor countries rely on wood for fuel for fires to boil water and cook food.
The water supply becomes contaminated with diseases such as dysentery, typhoid, and cholera

17. Access to Resources Growing gap between wealthy and poor
Who decides who gets access?
What happens to people without access to resources?
DEVELOPED
DEVELOPING
Population
~1.1 billion
~6.1 billion
% Global Energy Consumption 87 13

18. Infrastructure
High rates of population growth can overwhelming the infrastructure of a community
Infrastructure – the basic facilities and services that support a community
Examples:

19. Impacts on Land Growing populations have a shortage of arable land
Arable Land- land that can be used to grow crops

20. Problems of Rapid Growth: Impacts on Land
Example: Egypt
Because it is mostly desert, crops must be grown in the Nile River valley
Also where jobs are located, so people want to live there
As farmland is cleared for homes, the land that can be used for crops shrinks

21. Impacts on Land
Urbanization- more people live in cities than in rural areas
Housing in cities becomes more dense and more costly

22. Impacts on Land Suburban Sprawl
People often find work in cities but move into suburban areas around cities
Leads to traffic jams, inadequate infrastructure, and reduction of land for farming and wildlife

23. Population Campaigns

24. Populations Campaigns