1. Portuguese, English, French Exploration
Prince Henry the Navigator

2. Do Now
In your warm up section make a plan of what you would need to bring with you if you were traveling along:
The Silk Road Land Route-
Sea Route-
Which route would you prefer? Why?

3. Why did Europeans stop using the Silk Road?
It was dangerous (thieves, Muslim merchants)
The journey was long and difficult (mountain, desert)
Cheaper to travel by sea
Carry more goods by boat than by horse or camels

4. European’s Goals
From the 1400s to the 1700s, Europe experienced an “Age of Exploration”
The Renaissance encouraged curiosity & a desire for discovering new ideas and possibilities
As a result of exploration, European countries grew rich, powerful & spread Christianity throughout the world

5. Navigation & Maps
Before the Renaissance, sailors did not have the technology to sail very far from Europe & return
Trade & cultural diffusion during the Renaissance introduced new navigation techniques to Europeans
Magnetic compasses made sailing more accurate
Astrolabes used the stars to show direction
Maps were more accurate and used latitude & longitude

6. What do you notice about these two maps?
Cantino World Map, 1502
A 15th-century manuscript copy of the Ptolemy world map, reconstituted from Ptolemy's Geographia (circa 150)

7. Ships
European shipbuilders built a better ship; The caravel was a stronger ship that could travel in the open seas & in shallow water
Caravels had triangular lateen sails that allowed ships to sail against the wind
A moveable rudder made the caravel more maneuverable
Cannons & rifles gave ships protection
Caravel
Viking Longship

9. Prince Henry’s Navigation School
A. Portugal was the early leader in the Age of Exploration
1. In Portugal, Prince Henry the Navigator started a school of navigation to train sailors
He brought in Europe’s best map makers, ship builders, & sailing instructors
He wanted to discover new territories, find a quick trade route to Asia & expand Portugal's power
Prince Henry’s navigation school & willingness to fund voyages led the Portuguese to be the 1st to explore the west coast of Africa

10. Portuguese Explorer’s
2. In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias became the first person to sail round to the southern tip of Africa
Dias’ ships rounded the perilous Cape of Good Hope and then sailed around Africa’s southernmost point.
3. Vasco da Gama was the 1st explorer to find a direct trade route to Asia by going around Africa to get to India
Portugal gained a sea route to Asia that brought them great wealth
During the Age of Exploration, Portugal created colonies along the African coast, in Brazil, & the Spice Islands in Asia

11. Portuguese Exploration Recap
Small country with big interest.
Prince Henry the Navigator spends
his own money on navigation
school and voyages..
Set up trade and colonies on east coast of Africa.
Dias and da Gama = trade route to India.
Competition with Italy for Asian goods means cheaper items for Europeans, demand goes up, Portugal makes money.

13. Search for a North West Passage
Both the English and the French sailors sailed in search of a trade route to Asia. Their efforts took them North West towards the “New World” in search of that route.
English Explorers
John Cabot- Set sail for Asia in 1497 but found Newfoundland In Canada instead of route to Asia
Henry Hudson- Best known for his discovery of the Hudson Bay in North America

14. Search for a North West Passage
Giovanni da Verrazzano- made three trips, exploring most of the North American coastline, as well as South America and many Caribbean islands
Jacques Cartier- sent by the king of France to find a northwest passage and to discover certain islands and lands where it is said that a great quantity of gold and other precious things are to be found. In 1541 finds “Fool’s Gold”

15. Exploration Cause and Effect/Compare and Contrast
In your classroom account, open up and read the 3 cause and effect statements.
Highlight any context clues that help you determine the cause and effect in each scenario.
Compare similarities and differences between the two maps shown that explorer’s used on their voyages.

16. Exit Ticket
Which technological improvement had no influence on Exploration?
Compass
Flax
Astrolabe
Caravel
Who was Prince Henry?
Prince of Portugal
Prince of Persia
Founder of Portugal Navigation School
American Explorer
What was the North West Passage?
Directions on the compass
Path Portuguese sailors took to get to Asia
Path English and French searched for to get to Asia