1. Is an SMS enough to make our organisations safer? By Jan Peeters RIO DE JANEIRO – 20/10/2015 SRMCOACH.EU 1

2. 2 We built a great tool box. What are we using it for? SMS: where we are.

3. Tools are only useful if you use them! SRMCOACH.EU 3

4. 4 …with the right intentions…

5. SRMCOACH.EU 5 SMS ICG

6. SRMCOACH.EU 6 SMS: where we need to go The purpose of SMS is to allocate resources to reduce risk.

7. SRMCOACH.EU 7 How is SMS supposed to reduce risk? Hazard ID Risk Assess Investigate/ ID Risk Control/ Review with SAG/SRB Implement ACTION Assure

8. SRMCOACH.EU 8 1.What is most likely going to cause your next accident/incident? 2.How do you know that? 3.What are you doing about it? 4.Is it working? From William R. VOSS, FSF, “SMS reconsidered” Safety Risk Mgt in 4 questions:

9. SRMCOACH.EU 9 3 common problem areas Understanding risk Understanding reality of OPS Taking ACTION

10. SRMCOACH.EU 10 Understanding risk Complicated vs complex Human factors and risk Our mental limitations

11. SRMCOACH.EU 11 Complicated

12. SRMCOACH.EU 12 Complex socio- technical

13. SRMCOACH.EU 13 Understanding risk consequences of complexity -Knowledge & understanding of the system is limited and local -Behaviour of people and human error is a consequence not a cause! -Small actions can have big consequences

14. Our tendency is to go down and inward SRMCOACH.EU 14 Engineers try to find broken components, “Who/what caused it?”

15. SRMCOACH.EU 15 Looking up and outward Systems thinking: What relationships caused failure or behaviour to emerge? Safety professionals ask “Why did it happen?”

16. SRMCOACH.EU 16 Local rationality People do things that make sense to them given: their goals, understanding focus

17. SRMCOACH.EU 17 Risk mgt ≠ reversed accident chain of events

18. Look at the system to determine risk SRMCOACH.EU 18

19. Human Factors and RISK Human performance limits Violations SRMCOACH.EU 19 Is our operational environment set up to allow our people to succeed?

20. SRMCOACH.EU 20 Our mental limitations why we suck at statistics Mental biases Heuristics

21. Skills for the Safety professional Agility and adaptability Critical thinking – asking really good questions Understanding the psychology of risk SRMCOACH.EU 21

22. SRMCOACH.EU 22 Is this your SMS? Understanding reality of OPS

23. Work as imagined vs work as done Just Culture Successful investigations SRMCOACH.EU 23

24. Practical drift... Why Murphy is wrong SRMCOACH.EU 24 “ Practical drift ” Work as done A Work as imagined B

25. Who dunnit? SRMCOACH.EU 25

26. Just Culture Is the organisation focusing on the right questions? Are you creating an environment where staff are willing to report? Are your interventions effective or just addressing symptoms? SRMCOACH.EU 26

27. Successful safety investigations Learning from operational experience Listening and involving sharp-enders, understand local rationality Understand why not who! Start with the goal in mind: EFFECTIVE RECOMMENDATIONS SRMCOACH.EU 27

28. Skills for the safety professional SRMCOACH.EU 28 Critical thinking – asking good questions Accessing and analysing information Curiosity and imagination Communication – Listening, observing and FEEDBACK

29. SRMCOACH.EU 29 Taking action

30. Who manages Safety? SRMCOACH.EU 30 The Safety manager cannot directly decide or change the operation! Can assist management: -Clarify the system rationality -Reveal the operational reality -Clarify available options

31. Perceived goal conflicts & different local rationalities SRMCOACH.EU 31

32. Obstacles to becoming pro-active: Firefighting and swatting mosquitos SRMCOACH.EU 32

33. Obstacles: Forgetting the WIIFM SRMCOACH.EU 33 If you see this face during your safety meeting… You forgot the WIIFM! Make the Safety meeting relevant for the people attending! How will SMS help to solve THEIR problem?

34. Obstacle: Analysis paralysis - small actions - short feedback cycle and Assess if it works - experiment - KAIZEN approach, small but continuous steps to improve the operation SRMCOACH.EU 34

35. Skills to generate action! Coaching instead of advising Effective communication and influence Collaboration across networks and leading by influence Initiative and entrepreneurialism SRMCOACH.EU 35

36. Measuring safety success Objectives that inspire ACTION SRMCOACH.EU 36