1. UNIT 5 Chapter 20 – The Atlantic World
EUROPEAN EXPLORATION

2. CHAPTER 20: The Atlantic World, 1492–1800
Europeans explore and colonize the Americas, disrupting native civilizations, and build the slave trade to support plantations in the New World.
Christopher Columbus, Spanish explorer, as young man.
These are my notes for slide 2
SECTION 1
Spain Builds an American Empire
SECTION 3
The Atlantic Slave Trade
SECTION 4
The Columbian Exchange and Global Trade

3. OBJECTIVES
CORE OBJECTIVE: Examine the era of European exploration and how it impacted the region.
Objective 5.2: Identify the causes of the Atlantic Slave Trade.
THEME: The countries of Europe will discover new lands in the Americas and try to increase their power and wealth by controlling those territories.

4. THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE
CHAPTER 20 SECTION 3
THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE
To meet their growing labor needs, Europeans enslave millions of Africans in the Americas.

5. CAUSES OF SLAVERY Slavery in Africa The Demand for Africans
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CAUSES OF SLAVERY
Slavery in Africa
Slavery likely began 10,000 years ago with prisoners of war used for farms
Slavery has existed in Africa for centuries, but been minor practice
Spread of Islam produces more slavery in Africa
17 million slaves transported to Middle East between 650 and 1600 AD.
In African & Muslim lands, slaves have some rights and could earn freedom
The Demand for Africans
Need for workers in Americas raises demand for enslaved Africans
Portuguese were the first to bring slaves in 1400s
Africans withstand diseases, have farming skills, unlikely to escape
Atlantic slave trade —forced movement of many Africans to Americas
- By 1870 nearly 10 million Africans were transported as slaves

6. EUROPEAN SLAVERY Spain and Portugal Lead the Way
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EUROPEAN SLAVERY
Spain and Portugal Lead the Way
By 1650, about 300,000 enslaved Africans in Spanish colonies
Portugal brings many more slaves to sugar plantations in Brazil
England Dominates the Slave Trade
From 1690 to 1807, England dominates slave trade
About 400,000 enslaved Africans brought to North American colonies
African Cooperation and Resistance
Many African rulers capture people to be sold into slavery
Later, some rulers protest the trade

7. TRADE The Triangular Trade
Triangular trade — trade network linking Europe, Africa, Americas exchanging goods for slaves
Trade routes:
(1) manufactured goods move from Europe to Africa
(2) people move from Africa to Americas
(3) sugar, coffee, tobacco move from Americas to Europe
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The Middle Passage
Voyage of enslaved Africans to Americas known as the middle passage
As many as 20 percent of Africans die on these journeys

8. AFRICAN SLAVERY African societies suffer from loss of so many people
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AFRICAN SLAVERY
A Harsh Life
In Americas, captured Africans sold at auction to highest bidder
Life is difficult: long work hours; poor food/housing/clothing; physical violence and death are common
Resistance and Rebellion
Many Africans maintain musical, cultural traditions
Some resist by breaking tools or working slowly
Some run away or take part in revolts
African societies suffer from loss of so many people
African families disrupted

9. THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE— Assessment
For what is the Medici family famous?
For being the greatest military leaders of the era
For being writers
For being religious reformers
For being rulers and supporters of the arts
Which of the following was NOT one of Italy’s advantages that led to the beginning of the Renaissance in that region?
Smaller city-states that encouraged exchange of ideas
Most of the gold in Europe was stored in Italian capitals
A wealthy merchant class developed with abundant jobs
The recovery and study of Greek and Roman manuscripts

10. THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE— Assessment
For what is the Medici family famous?
For being the greatest military leaders of the era
For being writers
For being religious reformers
For being rulers and supporters of the arts
Which of the following was NOT one of Italy’s advantages that led to the beginning of the Renaissance in that region?
Smaller city-states that encouraged exchange of ideas
Most of the gold in Europe was stored in Italian capitals
A wealthy merchant class developed with abundant jobs
The recovery and study of Greek and Roman manuscripts