Vocabulary Review Cells. Process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluid from its surroundings Pinocytosis.

Vocabulary Review Cells

Process by which a cell engulfs droplets of fluid from its surroundings Pinocytosis

Physiological process by which substances may move through a cell membrane; involves the formation of tiny, cytoplasmic granules Endocytosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Osmosis

Process that requires an expenditure of energy to move a substance across a cell membrane Active Transport

Condition in which a solution contains a lesser concentration of dissolved particles than the solution to which it is compared Hypotonic

Cytoplasmic organelle that consists largely of RNA and functions in the synthesis of proteins Ribosome

Process by which body cells divide to form two identical cells Mitosis

Cytoplasmic organelle that contains digestive enzymes Lysosomes

A state of balance between two opposing forces Equilibrium

Membranous cytoplasmic sac formed by an action of the cell membrane Vesicle

Process by which a cell engulfs and digests solid substances Phagocytosis

Nuclear material that gives rise to chromosomes during mitosis Chromatin

Diffusion in which substances are moved through membranes from high to low concentration by carrier molecules Facilitated Diffusion

The contents of a cell surrounding its nucleus (cytosol + organelles) Cytoplasm

A cellular organelle that is enclosed by a double- layered membrane and contains DNA – “Brains of the operation” Nucleus

Cellular organelle consisting of two centrioles; form spindle for mitosis Centrosome

A small structure that occcurs within the nucleus of a cell and contains RNA and proteins Nucleolus

Random movement of molecules from high to low concentration Diffusion

Rod-like structure that appears in the nucleus during mitosis; contains genes responsible for heredity Chromosome

Open to passage or penetration Permeable

Condition in which a solution contains a greater concentration of dissolved particles than the solution with which it is compared Hypertonic

Process by which cells become structurally and functionally specialized during development Differentiation

A solution that has the same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution with which it is compared Isotonic

Cytoplasmic organelle that contains enzymes responsible for aerobic respiration; produces ATP ~ “powerhouse” Mitochondrion

Cytoplasmic organelle composed of a system of interconnected membranes, tubules, and vesicles for transporting materials Endoplasmic reticulum

A cytoplasmic organelle that functions in preparing cellular products for secretion Golgi apparatus

Definition TERM

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