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2. 2 Solid Waste Air Water Pollution What kinds of pollution are there?

3. 3 What type of pollution?

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6. 6 How Why A cloud of smoke from the exhaust of a vehicle Increasing traffic Smoke from a factory chimney Growing cities Eruption of a volcano Rapid economic development Cigarette smokeIndustrialization Burning leavesApathetic people

7. 7 Effects of Air Pollution Health problems Damage to the environment Damage to property Thinning of the protective ozone layer of the atmosphere

8. 8 Water Pollution How Toxic substances dissolve in water or gets deposited on the bed. Toxic substances enter lakes, rivers, streams, etc. Pollutants go down into the ground. Sources City sewage Industrial waste Agricultural run-off

9. 9 Effects of Water Pollution Devastating to people and animals, fish, and birds. Unsuitable for drinking, recreation, agriculture, and industry. Destroys water life.

10. 10 Solid Waste Types of waste Household waste Industrial waste Biomedical or hospital waste Why Population increases Increased plastics products Changes in lifestyle Landfills not well equipped to protect against contamination

11. 11 Keep lakes cleanKeep lakes clean Take your used motor oil to a drop off placeTake your used motor oil to a drop off place Use latex paint instead of oil and rinse your brushesUse latex paint instead of oil and rinse your brushes in the sink rather than the yard in the sink rather than the yard Fill a spray bottle with soapy water instead of bug sprayFill a spray bottle with soapy water instead of bug spray Plant trees to prevent soil erosionPlant trees to prevent soil erosion Keep litter, pet waste, leaves, and grass clippings outKeep litter, pet waste, leaves, and grass clippings out of gutters and storm drains. Water Solutions

12. 12 Air Pollution Solutions Encourage your family to walk more Take the school bus Reduce the amount of spray bottles Do not burn leaves in your yard- put them in a compost Keep your family cars in tune Put catalytic converters on cars Share your room with others when the air conditioner is on Take care of your trees

13. 13 Carry your own bag with you when you go shopping Say no to all plastic bags as often as possible Reduce the use of paper bags also Dig a compost pit in your garden and put all the biodegradables in it When you go out do not throw paper and other wrappings or even leftover food here and there-put it in the garbage Solid Waste Solutions

14. Read the two scenarios below. Write down important concept words in your notes. Then, give definitions to the words “preservation” and “conservation” (which scenario discusses preservation? Conservation?). 1.When I visited the “Red Frog Island” in Panama a few years ago, the tour guide informed me about the how the Red Frogs were becoming endangered in that area due to increase in tourism. In order to restore the balance in their ecosystem, the Panamanian government set aside a part of the land that was “off-limits” to the tourists. This area was to remain untouched and left-alone, so that the organisms can live in their natural habitat unaffected by humans. 2.The earth systems students have been learning about renewable and nonrenewable resources in their Earth Science class. They learned that nonrenewable resources do not get replaced fast, so they are in danger of running out if the humans keep using it up faster than it can be made. In order to make the resources last as long as possible, the students decide to practice the three R’s (reduce, reuse, recycle) in their everyday lives to effectively use as many resources as possible.

15. INTRODUTION Conservation is an ethic of resource use, allocation, and protection. Its primary focus is upon maintaining the health of the natural world: its, fisheries, habitats, and biological diversity. Secondary focus is on materials conservation and energy conservation, which are seen as important to protect the natural world. Those who follow the conservation ethic and, especially, those who advocate or work toward conservation goals are termed conservationists. I think the environment should be put in the category of our national security. Defense of our resources is just as important as defense abroad. Otherwise what is there to defend? ~Robert Redford, Yosemite National Park dedication, 1985

16. The 3 R’s “Find your own ways to make less trash, and help others to learn how to Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.”

17. TYPES OF CONSERVATION Renewable Energy conservation Non-Renewable Energy conservation Water conservation Plant conservation Soil conversation Mineral resources conversation The types of conservation can be many or few, depending on the focus of the individual or program that is aimed at conserving the Earth's resources. The two types that are considered to be of the greatest are water and energy conservation.

18. Turn off tap while cleaning your teeth, shaving or washing your face. You can waste can up to 9 liters a minute by just letting the water pour down the sink. Take a short shower rather than a bath could save you up to 400 liters a week. If you do have baths, just half fill them. Only use the washing machine and the dishwasher when you can put on a full load. It wastes both water and energy to run only a half full machine HOW TO CONSERVE WATER

19. How To Conserve : You can directly contribute by- Promote Recycling of papers. It takes 10 times LESS ENERGY to produce paper from used one. By switching off lights when not required. By using cloth/jute bags instead of plastic bags. Using both side of paper. Using refills instead of buying a new pen. By growing plants DON’T waste food

20. Soil conservation Soil conservation is a set of management strategies for prevention of soil being eroded from the earth’s surface or becoming chemically altered by overuse, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination. If you see your soil eroding, protect it with grass or plants.

21. Energy conservation Energy conservation refers to efforts made to reduce energy consumption, and to preserve it for future generations. Energy conservation can be achieved through increased efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased energy consumption and/or reduced consumption from conventional energy sources. There are two type of resources:- Renewable Resources Non Renewable Resources

22. Activity Make an informational poster making the public aware of the three types of pollutions 1. Include the causes, the consequences, and solutions 2. Include drawings and come up with a catchy solution for pollution phrase 3. Must color, no pencil!

23. Can you sort them out? RenewableNon-renewable

24. Resources! Natural Resources: any material gathered from the earth (naturally) for human usage Ex: water, petroleum, minerals, timber, animals

25. Renewable resource: is a natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate that it is used – Inexhaustible resource: never can be used up: solar, wind, geothermal – Exhaustible resource: has the possibility of being used up: food, timber, water* Let’s Talk About It: Why will exhaustible resources be used up if we are not careful? Renewable Resources

26. Nonrenewable resource forms slower than it is used. It usually takes many number of years to resupply naturally. Ex: minerals (iron, copper), fossil fuels (oil; coal), nuclear energy Nonrenewable Resources

27. Stop and Think! What makes a resource nonrenewable?

28. So, were we right? RenewableNon-renewable

29. Energy Energy Resources are natural resources that humans use to generate energy Natural resources contain potential energy which is a stored energy. ***Since energy cannot be created or destroyed, stored energy must be converted to be useful*** We can convert potential energy to kinetic energy, which is an energy of movement.

30. Fossil Fuels Fossil fuel is a nonrenewable energy resource that formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago. – Contains carbon – Examples include petroleum, natural gas, coal Question: What are fossil fuels used for? Question: What happens to the carbon when using a fossil fuel?

31. Fossil Fuels Made from=

32. Nuclear energy is obtained by separating uranium atoms and releasing its energy (fission) Uranium is an ore that must be obtained by mining, and is a nonrenewable resource. Nuclear Energy

33. Turning into something useful…

34. Brain Storm!- 5 minutes Working in groups of 2 or 3, please fill out the following chart. (1 page per group to turn in) Please remember to keep your inside voices! Please use your notes as a reference. ObjectRenewable or nonrenewable resource? Where did it come from? How was the energy used? Sandwich (food)RenewableCrops (organic material)It was converted into kinetic energy so I can continue to move! *Think of five (5) natural resources that you have used today. Where did it come from? How was the energy used?

35. 1.I am a renewable resource. I am inexhaustible because I can never be used up. I can generate electricity, and I am a friend to flying kites. I can also help boats sail fast. Who am I? 2.I am a nonrenewable resource. I was formed through millions of years out of dead plants and flowers. Today, I can be used to generate electricity in big plants. Who am I? 3.I am a nonrenewable resource. I am made from dead sea organisms that are millions of years old. Today, I can be used to cook you delicious food. Who am I? 4.I am a renewable resource. But be careful with me, because I am exhaustible. I have the potential to be used up if you are not too careful. I can be turned into almost anything, like a desk or paper. I can also keep you warm on a cold night. Who am I? Who am I? Solar (sun) energy Trees (timber) Crops (food) Wind energy Natural gas Coal Petroleum Nuclear energy

36. What is the difference between renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource? What does it mean for something to be inexhaustible? Exhaustible? How do you generate electricity from a natural material? Reflection

37. Exit Ticket-group ticket On the back of the group chart, please do the following: -plan out a lesson about today’s concepts to teach to another person who is absent today -write out specific concepts you will cover in an outline format (include what the student is doing during the work period, what they should review, the type of worksheet, etc)