1. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 1 Introduction to IEEE Std. 802.22-2011 and its Amendment PAR for P802.22b: Broadband Extension and Monitoring Authors: Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.22. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.11. Patent Policy and Procedures: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802 Patent Policy and Procedures, including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard." Early disclosure to the Working Group of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair Apurva N. Mody as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE 802.11 Working Group. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at.http://standards.ieee.org/guides/bylaws/sb-bylaws.pdfApurva N. Mody patcom@ieee.org Abstract This tutorial is to be presented during the IEEE 802 Plenary session in November 2011 in Atlanta. The first part of the tutorial provides an overview of the recently completed standard IEEE std. 802.22-2011. The second part of the tutorial is to educate the IEEE 802 community as to why a new P802.22b amendment to the IEEE std. 802.22-2011 is needed and what it will do.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 2

3. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Problem: Digital Divide Exists Today According to the recent TIME Magazine article (October 31 st issue), 73% of the world population (5.1 Billion people) does not have access to internet 49.5% of the people (3.465 Billion) in the world live in rural areas. It is expensive to lay fiber / cable in rural and remote areas with low population density. Wireless is the only solution. Backhaul / backbone internet access for rural areas is very expensive (50% of the cost) Traditional wireless carriers have focused on urban areas with high populations density (faster Return on Investment) using licensed spectrum Example - America: About 28 percent of rural America, lack access to Internet with speeds of three megabits per second or faster, compared with only 3 percent, in non-rural areas, according to an FCC report titled "Bringing Broadband to Rural America” Example - India: In India, a country with more than 1.2 Billion people, more than 500 Million people have cell phones but less than 0.75% of the population has access to high speed internet access This has created a DIGITAL DIVIDE Slide 3

4. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 0.4 M 0.8 M 1.2 M 1.6 M 2.0 M 0.0 M Population per density bin (Million) Canada 2.4 M USA (scaled x0.1066) Mobile broadband Fixed broadband at lower frequency Satellite WRAN 100 W Base Station 4 W User terminal ADSL, Cable, ISM and UNII Wireless and Optical Fiber 4 W Base Station FCC Definition of ‘Rural’ Courtesy: Gerald Chouinard: gerald.chouinard@crc.cagerald.chouinard@crc.ca Relative Complexity and Cost (%) Relative Cost and Complexity of Various Technologies for Rural and Regional Area Broadband Service

5. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 High Range and NLoS Operation are Necessary for Broaband to Rural Range: VHF/ UHF Bands and Television Whitespaces with appropriate transmit / receive power allowance are ideally suited to deploy large Regional Area Networks (RANs) due to favorable propagation characteristics. Deployment of Wireless Regional Area Networks with greater range allows more users per Base Station, resulting in a viable business model 4 Watts Omni 5.8 GHz 2.4 GHz 900 MHz VHF / UHF and TV Whitespaces 10 – 30 km Slide 5

6. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 6

7. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Television Whitespaces: A New Hope Legend Available TV channels None 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 and + Source: Gerald Chouinard, CRC and Industry Canada Southern Ontario Canada More Channels Available in Rural Areas Rural Areas Urban Areas TV Channels in VHF / UHF bands have highly favorable propagation characteristics Analog TV will be transitioned world-wide to Digital TV which is more spectrum efficient. Excess spectrum is called the digital dividend and it can be used to provide broadband access while ensuring that no interference is caused to primary users. In some administrations like the United States, opportunistic license-exempt usage of the spectrum used by the incumbents is allowed on a non-interfering basis using cognitive radio techniques. TV Channel Availability for Broadband Slide 7

8. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 What can Television Whitespaces do? Television Whitespaces (TVWS) will allow broadband wireless access to regional, rural and remote areas under Line of Sight (LoS) and Non Line of Sight (NLoS) conditions. Other Applications: Triple play for broadcasters (e. g. video, voice and data), Smart grid Cheap backhaul using multi-profile RAN stations Off-loading cellular telephony traffic to un-licensed spectrum, Distance learning, civic communications, regional area public safety and homeland security, emergency broadband services, Monitoring rain forests, monitoring livestock, border protection, Broadband service to multiple dwelling unit (MDU), multi tenant unit (MTU), small office home office (SoHo), campuses, etc. Wireless Regional Area Networks such as IEEE 802.22 systems using TV Whitespaces can connect rural areas in emerging markets. Slide 8

9. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Kinsley, Kansas, USA TV Channel Availability Courtesy: Spectrum Bridge: http://spectrumbridge.co m/whitespaces.aspx http://spectrumbridge.co m/whitespaces.aspx Rural Town, Moderate Density Plenty of TV channels are available in rural areas for broadband deployment Slide 9

10. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Manhattan, New York TV Channel Availability Courtesy: Spectrum Bridge: http://spectrumbridge.co m/whitespaces.aspx http://spectrumbridge.co m/whitespaces.aspx Urban City with very high population density Large cities such as Manhattan are not the potential target markets for IEEE 802.22 technology. Hardly any TV channels available in these markets and there are plenty of other options for broadband such as cable and fiber. Slide 10

11. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 11

12. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 802.22 WRAN Courtesy, Paul Nikolich, Chair, IEEE 802 IEEE Standards Association Hierarchy 802.15 WPAN 802.11 WLAN Slide 12

13. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 IEEE 802.22 WG on Wireless Regional Area Networks IEEE 802.22 Standard – Wireless Regional Area Networks: Cognitive Radio based Access in TVWS: Published in July 2011 802.22.1 – Std for Enhanced Interference Protection in TVWS: Published in Nov. 2010 802.22.2 – Std for Recommended Practice for Deployment of 802.22 Systems: Expected completion - Dec 2012 802.22a – Enhanced Management Information Base and Management Plane Procedures: Expected Completion - Dec. 2013 www.ieee802.org/22 802.22 RASGCIM – Regional Area Smart Grid and Critical Infrastructure Monitoring Study Group Slide 13

14. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 802.22 Unique Proposition  First IEEE Standard for operation in Television Whitespaces  First IEEE Standard that is specifically designed for rural and regional area broadband access aimed at removing the digital divide  First IEEE Standard that has all the Cognitive Radio features  Recipient of the IEEE SA Emerging Technology of the Year Award Slide 14

15. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 15

16. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 16 Abstract TV Channel Characteristics IEEE 802.22 PHY Features Conclusions Contributor Slide 16

17. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 17 TV Channels Multipath Channel Characteristics Frequency selective with large excessive delay Excessive delay (measurements in US, Germany, France*) Longest delay: >60 μsec 85% test location with delay spread ~35 μsec Low frequency (54~862 MHz) Long range (up to 100 km) Slow fading Small Doppler spread (up to a few Hz) * WRAN Channel Modeling, IEEE802.22- 05/0055r7, Aug 05

18. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 18 PHY Features Worldwide Operation (6, 7, and 8 MHz Bandwidths supported) Simple and Light Specs Robust OFDMA and High throughput Adaptive Modulation and Coding Preamble, Pilot Pattern and Channelization

19. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 19 Worldwide Operation Support worldwide TV channels (6, 7, or 8 MHz) in the VHF/UHF broadcast bands from 54 MHz to 862 MHz Same frame/symbol structure, preamble/pilot pattern, FFT size, number of data/pilot subcarriers, modulation and coding, interleaving etc. Sampling frequency, carrier spacing, symbol duration, signal bandwidth, and data rates are scaled by channel bandwidth TDD

20. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 20 Simple and Light Specs Single PHY mode: OFDMA Single FFT mode: 2048 Single antenna spec Heavy multiple antennas specs (MIMO or beamforming) are not supported due to physical sizes of antenna structures at lower frequencies Linear burst allocation DS: little time diversity gain could be achieved across symbols due to channel changes slowly US: allocated across symbols to minimize the number of subchannels used by a CPE, hence reducing (EIRP) to mitigate potential interference to incumbent systems

21. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 21 Robust OFDMA Design with High Throughput Robust OFDMA Design Longer symbol time 1/Δf ~ 300 μsec*; CP max ~ 75 μsec WiMAX: CP ~ 11.2 μsec Slow fading Δf ~3.3 kHz ( Robustness to ICI better than WiMax in 3.5 GHz) WiMAX: Δf ~11 kHz (Overkill in VHF/UHF band) High throughput Peak data rate per channel: 22.69 Mb/s (rate 5/6, 64-QAM) WiMAX: 15.84 Mb/s (rate 5/6, 64-QAM) * US 6 MHz TV channel

22. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 22 Adaptive Modulation and Coding 4 CP factors: 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32 3 modulations (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) with 4 coding rates (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6) Mandatory CC + optional turbo (CTC or SBTC) and LDPC codes Turbo-block bit interleaver and subcarrier interleaver Maximize the distance between adjacent samples to achieve better frequency diversity

23. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 23 Preamble, Pilot Pattern and Channelization 3 types preambles Superframe Frame CBP Tile pilot pattern For each symbol, every 7 useful subcarriers has a pilot For each subcarrier, every 7 symbols has a pilot Robust channel estimation combining 7 OFDMA symbols.

24. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 24 Conclusions - PHY IEEE 802.22 standard is optimized for VHF/UHF TV channels to provide broadband services with up to 100km coverage Simple and light specs Robust to large delay spread Robust to Doppler spread

25. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 25

26. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Abstract This contribution summarizes the MAC and Cognitive Capability (CC) features in the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard. Contributors Slide 26

27. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Contents 802.22 MAC Features Introduction Super-frame/Frame Structure CBP summary and Coexistence schemes Dynamic QP Scheduling Self-Coexistence Schemes Cognitive Capabilities in 802.22 Spectrum Manager Channel Classification Spectrum Sensing Geo-location DB Access Slide 27

28. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 MAC Introduction (1) Some aspects of IEEE 802.22-2011 MAC have been inspired from the IEEE 802.16 MAC standard Combination of polling, contention and unsolicited bandwidth grants mechanisms Support of Unicast/Multicast/Broadcast for both management and data Connection-oriented MAC –Connection identifier (CID) is a key component IEEE 802.22-2011 CID can be constructed from Station ID (SID) and Flow Identifier (FID) [1]. This new CID definition can reduce overhead and storage requirements [2]. –Defines a mapping between peer processes –Defines a service flow (QoS provisioning) Slide 28

29. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 MAC Introduction (2) However, major enhancements have been made –Support of Cognitive functionality Dynamic and adaptive scheduling of quiet periods Various incumbent user detection and notification methods –Coexistence with both incumbents and other 802.22 systems (self- coexistence) Measurements (incumbents and 802.22 operation) Spectrum management (time, frequency and power) The Coexistence Beacon Protocol (CBP) The Incumbent Detection Recovery Protocol (IDRP) Wireless microphone beacon mechanism (IEEE 802.22.1) –Self-coexistence mechanisms Spectrum Etiquette On-demand Frame Contention Slide 29

30. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Summary of Cognitive Capabilities Spectrum Manager Policies Incumbent Database Service Incumbent Database Spectrum Sensing Channel Set Management Subscriber Station Registration and Tracking Self Co-existence Geo-location Slide 30

31. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 IEEE 802.22 Frame Structure (Logical View) Super frame Structure Frame Structure Slide 31

32. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 IEEE 802.22 Frame Structure (Physical View) Slide 32

33. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Concept of 802.22 Frame Operation Slide 33 The propagation time for CPEs beyond 30km will be accommodated by scheduling of late upstream bursts The allocation of burst could be based on distance of CPE from BS in order to compensate the propagation delay under overlapping cells Contention for all CBP transmitters

34. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 SCH and CBP Features The Super-frame Control Header (SCH) –Provides the control information for a WRAN cell –Support the intra-frame and inter-frame quiet periods management mechanisms for sensing –Support coexistence with incumbents and other WRAN cells (self coexistence) An SCH can include various CBP (Coexistence Beacon Protocol) IEs –Backup channel information IE –Frame Contention information IE –Terrestrial Geo-location information IE –Signature IE, Certificate IEs (CBP frame security) Using SCH, WRAN BS can intelligently manage the operation of its associated CPEs Also, using CBP (Extended version of SCH), WRAN BS can intelligently manage the operation of neighboring WRAN cell under co-existence situation Slide 34

35. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 CBP Summary CBP is used to communicate the operating parameters from one WRAN cell to another WRAN cell CBP packet is transmitted using SCW which contains the SCH of its own WRAN cell CBP is fully controllable by the BS that decides who sends/listens and when to send/listen for CBP packets (Refer [3]) –The source of a CBP packet can be either a BS or a CPE CBP packets carry only control information (no data) Structure of a CBP packet Slide 35

36. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Dynamic Quiet Period Scheduling Intra-Frame QP scheduling (Some part of super-frame) QP < 1Frame Intra-Frame QP scheduling (Some part of super-frames) QP = 1 Frame Inter-Frame QP scheduling (whole super-frame except SCH) Slide 36

37. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Self-Coexistence Mechanism (1) Self-Coexistence: Co-existence among WRAN Systems [4] Orthogonal channel selection for operating channel and first backup channel Frame allocation signalled by the super-frame control header (SCH) MAC self-coexistence schemesPHY coexistence mechanisms Enough channels available Two or more cells need to coexist on the same channel Slide 37

38. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Self-Coexistence Mechanism (2) Spectrum Etiquette Orthogonal channel assignment scheme between adjacent cells –different operating channel for overlapping or adjacent cells –different first backup channel Requires that information on operating, backup and candidate channels of each cell is shared amongst WRAN cells: exchanged by CBP packets [5] Slide 38

39. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Self-Coexistence Mechanism (3) On-demand Frame Contention Two or more cells need to co-exist on the same channel Slide 39

40. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Cognitive Capability Collection of Spectrum Information –Geo-location information (A) –TVWS Database (B) –CPE Spectrum Sensor (C) –BS Spectrum Sensor (D) Cognitive Engine (Decision Maker) –Spectrum Manager (BS) –Spectrum Automation (CPE) Configurable Communication System –802.22 PHY –802.22 MAC Slide 40

41. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 SM Channel Classification [5] Two step channel decision External to IEEE 802.22 System Internal to IEEE 802.22 System Slide 41

42. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Spectrum Sensing IEEE 802.22 supports spectrum sensing capability by using SSA and SSF Spectrum Sensing Automation (SSA, sensing manager) –All the IEEE 802.22 devices (BS and CPEs) shall also have an entity called the Spectrum Sensing Automaton (SSA). The SSA interfaces to the Spectrum Sensing Function (SSF) and executes the commands from the SM to enable spectrum sensing Spectrum Sensing Function (SSF, sensor) –Spectrum sensing is the process of observing the RF spectrum of a television channel to determine its occupancy (by either incumbents or other WRANs). –The base station and all CPEs shall implement the Spectrum Sensing Function (SSF) –The SSF shall be driven by the SSA. The SSF shall observe the RF spectrum of a television channel and shall report the results of that observation to the SM (at the BS) via its associated SSA Slide 42

43. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Spectrum Sensing Spectrum Sensing Automation state machineInput/Output of the Spectrum Sensing Function Slide 43

44. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 Geo-Location Satellite based geo-location –Requires GPS antenna at each device –NMEA 0183 data string used to represent geo-location –Poor accuracy in Northern hemispheres Terrestrial based geo-location –Besides satellite-based geo-location, the 802.22 standard includes terrestrial geo-location using inherent capabilities of the OFDM based modulation and the coexistence beacon protocol bursts transmitted and received among CPEs –Propagation time measured between BS and its CPEs and among CPEs of the same cell using Fine Time Difference of Arrival: TDOA BS Vernier-1 Vernier-2 CPE 1 Downstream Upstream Vernier-3 CPE 2 CBP burst Vernier-1 Slide 44

45. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011 DB Access WRAN DB access –802.22 WG defined DB access structure –Interfaces are defined between DB and BS Defined number of primitives for DB access –M-DB-AVAILABLE-REQUEST –M-DEVICE-ENLISTMENT- REQUEST –M-DB-AVAILABLE- CHANNEL-REQUEST –M-DB-AVAILABLE- CHANNEL-INDICATION –M-DB-DELIST-REQUEST –Etc. Structure of the IEEE 802.22 WRAN access to the database service Slide 45

46. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 46

47. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Abstract This document introduces ten (10) usage cases for the 802.22 New SG “regional area smart grid and critical infrastructure monitoring study group” These usage cases are grouped by three (3) categories Contributors Slide 47

48. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 802 Standard Activities for Smart Grid and Critical Infrastructure Monitoring Slide 48 P802.15.4m

49. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Enhanced Broadband and Monitoring Use Cases for Proposed P802.22b Project CategoryUsage CasesProperties A) Smart Grid & Monitoring A1) Regional Area Smart Grid/Metering Low capacity/complexity CPEs Very large number of monitoring CPEs Fixed and Potable CPEs Real time monitoring Low duty cycle High reliability and security Large coverage area Infrastructure connection A2) Agriculture/Farm House Monitoring A3) Critical Infrastructure/Hazard Monitoring A4) Environment Monitoring A5) Homeland Security/Monitoring A6) Smart Traffic Management and Communication B) Broadband Service Extension B1) Temporary Broadband Infrastructure (e.g., emergency broadband infrastructure) Fixed and Portable CPEs Higher capacity CPEs than Category A) High QoS, reliability and security Higher data rate than Category A) Easy network setup Infrastructure and Ad hoc connection B2) Remote Medical Service B3) Archipelago/Marine Broadband Service C) Combined Service C1) Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and Broadband Service Category A) and B) Slide 49

50. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 A1) Regional Area Smart Grid/Metering Usage Regional Area Smart Grid/Metering by Low Capacity/Complexity CPEs (LC-CPEs) such as smart meters Properties 1)Low capability/ complexity CPE (LC-CPE) 2)Large number of fixed LC-CPEs 3)Low duty cycle, high reliability and security 4)CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC- CPEs as well as perform monitoring Topology Fixed Infrastructure mode Fixed Point-to-Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 50

51. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 A2) Agriculture / Farm Monitoring Usage Agriculture/Farm house Monitoring by LC-CPEs, which may be attached in portable objects or fixed stations Properties 1)Low capability/complexity CPE (LC-CPE) 2)Large number of fixed /portable LC-CPEs 3)Real-time monitoring 4)CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC- CPEs as well as perform monitoring Topology Infrastructure mode Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints Communications CPE TVDB (TV Database) Slide 51

52. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 A3) Critical Infrastructure/Hazard Monitoring Usage Critical Infrastructure/Hazard Monitoring by infrastructure monitoring CPEs, which may be attached in the portable stations Properties 1)Low capability/ complexity CPE (LC-CPE) 2)Large number of fixed /portable LC-CPEs 3)Real-time monitoring 4)Low latency communication 5)High reliability and security 6)CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC- CPEs Topology Infrastructure mode Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 52

53. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 A4) Environment Monitoring Usage Environment monitoring by monitoring CPEs, which will detect the change of temperature, climate, or unintended events in a very wide area Properties 1)Low capability/ complexity CPE (LC-CPE) 2)Very large number of fixed/portable LC-CPEs 3)Real-time monitoring 4)Low duty cycle, low latency communication 5)CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC- CPEs Topology Infrastructure mode Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 53

54. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 A5) Homeland Security/Monitoring Usage Homeland security or monitoring by security CPEs, which may be attached in the barrier of land, coast or airport to detect illegality or contaminants Properties 1)Low capability/ complexity CPE (LC-CPE) 2)Fixed/Portable LC-CPEs 3)Real-time monitoring 4)Very low latency communication 5)High reliability and security 6)CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC- CPEs Topology Infrastructure mode Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 54

55. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 A6) Smart Traffic Management and Communication Usage Smart Traffic Management and Communication by traffic CPEs, which may be attached in the traffic sign poles or cars Properties 1)Low capability/ complexity CPE (LC-CPE) 2)Fixed/Portable LC-CPEs 3)Real-time monitoring 4)Very low latency communication 5)CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul for LC- CPEs Topology Infrastructure mode Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 55

56. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 B1) Temporary Broadband Infrastructure Usage Temporary Broadband Infrastructure by portable HC-CPEs, which may be attached in the infrastructure vehicles on emergency Properties 1)Higher capacity CPEs (HC- CPEs) rather than monitoring CPEs of A1~A6 2)Large number of portable CPEs 3)Easy network setup 4)High reliability of connections Topology Ad hoc connection Peer to Peer Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 56

57. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 B2) Remote Medical Service Usage Remote Medical Service by medical service HC-CPEs, which may be applied in home media products Properties 1)Higher capacity CPEs (HC- CPEs) rather than monitoring CPEs of A1~A6 2)Higher QoS and reliability 3)Real-time and low latency communication 4)HC-CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul to other HC-CPEs or LC-CPEs Topology Infrastructure mode Fixed Point-to-Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 57

58. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 B3) Archipelago/Marine Broadband Service Usage Archipelago/ marine broadband service by broadband HC-CPEs, which may be located in islands or be applied in ships. Properties 1)Higher capacity CPEs (HC- CPEs) rather than monitoring CPEs of A1~A6 2)Fixed/Portable CPEs 3)Higher QoS and reliability of connections 4)HC-CPEs may provide an infrastructure backhaul to other HC-CPEs or LC-CPEs Topology Infrastructure mode Point-to-Fixed/Portable Multipoints Communications TVDB (TV Database) Slide 58

59. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 C1) Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and Broadband Services Usage Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and Broadband Services by different types of CPEs Properties 1)802.22 RA smart grid and critical infrastructure monitoring application will be complimentary to other short range applications at the users’ end 2)We may have different types of CPEs in 802.22 new SG 3)Currently CPEs can not communicate to each other. We need this capability 4) Improved broadband service by using wider bandwidth through channel aggregation Topology Infrastructure mode & Ad mode Slide 59

60. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Conclusion CategoriesUsage Case End Device Capability Num of Devices CommunicationMobilityTopology A) Smart Grid & Monitoring A1) Regional Area Smart Grid/Metering Low Very large Low duty cycleFixed Infrastructure (Fixed point-to-multipoints) A2) Agriculture/Farm House Monitoring High-reliability, Real-time, Low latency Fixed/ Portable Infrastructure (Point-to-fixed/portable multipoints) A3) Critical Infrastructure/Hazard Monitoring A4) Environment Monitoring A5) Homeland Security/Monitoring A6) Smart Traffic Management and Communication B) Broadband Service Extension B1) Emergency Temporary Broadband Infrastructure HighLarge High reliability, Easy connection Portable Ad hoc (Portable-to-Portable) B2) Remote Medical Service Real-time, Low latency Fixed Infrastructure (Fixed point-to-multipoints) B3) Archipelago/Marine Broadband Service High QoS and reliability Fixed/ Portable Infrastructure (Point-to-fixed/portable multipoints) C) Combined Service C1) Combined Smart Grid, Monitoring and Broadband Service High and Low Very Large Category A) and B) Fixed/ Portable Infrastructure and Ad-hoc Slide 60

61. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Outline Digital divide: Today’ s problem and its solution Television Whitespace (TVWS): A New Hope Overview of the IEEE 802.22-2011 Standard PHY Characteristics MAC Characteristics and Cognitive Radio Characteristics Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use-cases P802.22b PAR – Broadband Extension and Monitoring Slide 61

62. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Study Group Tentative Plan 2011/ 07 2011/ 08 2011/ 09 2011/ 10 2011/ 11 2011/ 12 2012/ 01 Study group approved by ECx Prepare PARx WG Approves PARx Submit to EC for Nov (30 days ahead) [10/5] x Submit Intent to NesCom/IEEE SA SB for Dec 6 meeting [10/17] x PAR and 5C Comment Resolutionx PAR approval by ECx Study Group Extension request before EC (if PAR not Approved by EC or NesCom) x NesCom and IEEE SA SB approval [12/6]x TG startsx Slide 62

63. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 PAR for P802.22b PAR Status: Unapproved PAR, PAR for an amendment to an existing IEEE Standard Type of Project: Amendment to IEEE Standard 802.22-2011 PAR Request Date: Expected 2-Oct-2011 PAR Approval Date: Expected 06-Dec-2011 PAR Expiration Date: Expected 31-Dec-2015 1.1 Project Number: P802.22b 1.2 Type of Document: Standard 1.3 Life Cycle: Full Use 2.1 Title: Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands - Amendment: Enhanced Broadband and Monitoring Slide 63

64. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 PAR for P802.22b continued 3.1 Working Group: Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) Working Group (C/LM/WG802.22) Contact Information for Working Group Chair Name: Apurva N. Mody Email Address: apurva.mody@ieee.orgapurva.mody@ieee.org Phone: 404-819-0314 Contact Information for Working Group Vice-Chair Name: Gerald Chouinard Email Address: gerald.chouinard@crc.ca Phone: 613-998-2500gerald.chouinard@crc.ca 3.2 Sponsoring Society and Committee: IEEE Computer Society/LAN/MAN Standards Committee (C/LM) Contact Information for Sponsor Chair Name: Paul Nikolich Email Address: p.nikolich@ieee.orgp.nikolich@ieee.org Phone: 857-205-0050 Contact Information for Standards Representative: None Slide 64

65. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 PAR for P802.22b continued 4.1 Type of Ballot: Individual 4.2 Expected Date of submission of draft to the IEEE-SA for Initial Sponsor Ballot: 11/2013 4.3 Projected Completion Date for Submittal to RevCom: 06/2014 5.1 Approximate number of people expected to be actively involved in the development of this project: 40 5.2 Scope: This standard specifies alternate PHY and necessary MAC amendments to IEEE std. 802.22-2011 for operation in VHF/UHF TV broadcast bands between 54 MHz and 862 MHz to support enhanced broadband services and monitoring applications. The standard supports aggregate data rates greater than the maximum data rate supported by the IEEE std. 802.22-2011. This standard defines new classes of 802.22 devices to address these applications and supports more than 512 devices. This standard also specifies techniques to enhance communications among the devices and makes necessary amendments to the cognitive, security & parameters and connection management clauses. Slide 65

66. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 PAR for P802.22b continued 5.3 Is the completion of this standard dependent upon the completion of another standard: No 5.4 Purpose: This document will not have a purpose clause. 5.5 Need for the Project: There are various broadband services and monitoring applications in the context of wireless regional area networks where communications can be better served by introducing new classes of 802.22 devices with capabilities appropriate for such applications. In addition, extending regional area broadband services to applications such as real-time and/or near real-time monitoring, emergency broadband services, remote medical services etc, requires higher data rates and greater number of devices. Enhanced technologies become necessary to enable communications among devices to support those applications. None of the features mentioned above can be supported by the IEEE std. 802.22-2011 and hence, a new project is required for amendment. 5.6 Stakeholders for the Standard: The stakeholders include: Manufacturers and users of IEEE Std. 802.22-2011 devices and other operating entities to which the standard may need to interface. Slide 66

67. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 PAR for P802.22b continued 6.1.a Is the Sponsor aware of any copyright permissions needed for this project?: No 6.1.b Is the Sponsor aware of possible registration activity related to this project?: No 7.1 Are there other standards or projects with a similar scope?: No. 7.2 Joint Development: No. 8.1 Additional Explanatory Notes: (note for 5.2 Scope) This amendment supports mechanisms to enable coexistence with other 802 systems in the same band. Slide 67

68. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 5 Criteria for P802.22b 1.Broad Market Potential a) Broad sets of applicability The proposed amendment will enable a number of new broadband applications in television white spaces (TVWS) in the context of wireless regional area networks by combining broadband services and monitoring applications. b) Multiple vendors and numerous users It is expected that this amendment will be applicable in all markets where the 802.22 technology will be used. The new features of the amendment are expected to bring new equipment vendors. c) Balanced costs (LAN versus attached stations) It is expected that the new features of the amendment can be implemented with reasonable cost resulting in overall better value for money. Slide 68

69. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 5 Criteria for P802.22b (Continued) 2. Compatibility The amendment will be compatible with IEEE 802 family of standards, specifically 802 overview and architecture, 802.1 including 802.1D and 802.1Q. Slide 69

70. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 5 Criteria for P802.22b (Continued) 3. Distinct Identity a) Substantially different from other IEEE 802 standards There is no other IEEE 802 standard or project, for combined broadband services and monitoring applications aimed at wireless regional area networks using television white space bands. b) One unique solution per problem (not two solutions to a problem) Combined broadband services and monitoring applications for wireless regional area networks by using television white space bands are not currently considered by any other wireless standard or project. Hence, this is the only solution to this problem. c) Easy for the document reader to select the relevant specification Yes, since the proposed standard will produce an amendment to the IEEE std. 802.22-2011. Slide 70

71. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 5 Criteria for P802.22b (Continued) 4. Technical Feasibility a) Demonstrated system feasibility There are a number of examples of successful prototype operation in TVWS by complying with requirements of various regulatory organizations (e.g., Federal Communications Commission (FCC), USA, Infocomm Development Authority (IDA), Singapore, etc.). b) Proven technology, reasonable testing Experimental licenses have been issued for operation in TVWS in many countries (e.g. Federal Communications Commission (FCC), USA, Infocomm Development Authority (IDA), Singapore etc). Communications over TVWS are being tested by regulatory organizations in those countries. c) Confidence in reliability Results of TVWS test trial campaigns being carried out by various regulatory organizations provide confidence in the reliability of the proposed project. d) Coexistence of 802 wireless standards specifying devices for unlicensed operation This amendment supports mechanisms to enable coexistence with other 802 systems in the same band. A coexistence assurance document will be produced by the WG as a part of the WG balloting process. Slide 71

72. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 5 Criteria for P802.22b (Continued) 5. Economic Feasibility a) Known cost factors, reliable data The amendment uses technologies that are well-proven in the market in a cost effective manner. b) Reasonable cost for performance The IEEE 802.22 systems are designed for operation in rural areas where the population density is likely to be low. However, an IEEE 802.22 base station (BS) covers a large area typically with 30 km radius implying a reasonable cost per geographical unit of coverage. The CPEs are expected to be inexpensive and hence cost for overall network performance would be reasonable. c) Consideration of installation costs This amendment will be later combined to the base 802.22 standard resulting in an updated version of IEEE std. 802.22-2011. Installation costs will be those of the updated base standard and are expected to be reasonable. Slide 72

73. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 73 Conclusions IEEE 802.22 standard is optimized for VHF/UHF TV channels to provide broadband services There is no other IEEE 802 standard or project, for combined broadband services and monitoring applications aimed at wireless regional area networks using television white space bands. There is no other IEEE 802 Standard that is specifically designed for rural remote area broadband access. There are various broadband services and monitoring applications in the context of wireless regional area networks where communications can be better served by introducing new classes of 802.22 devices with capabilities appropriate for such applications. In addition, extending regional area broadband services to applications such as real- time and/or near real-time monitoring, emergency broadband services, remote medical services etc, requires higher data rates and greater number of devices. Enhanced technologies become necessary to enable communications among devices to support those applications. None of the features mentioned above can be supported by the IEEE std. 802.22-2011 Hence, a new P802.22b Amendment project is required.

74. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Slide 74 References IEEE 802.22 Working Group Website – www.ieee802.org/22www.ieee802.org/22 IEEE 802.22-2011 TM Standard Apurva Mody, Gerald Chouinard, “Overview of the IEEE 802.22 Standard on Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) and Core Technologies” http://www.ieee802.org/22/Technology/22-10-0073-03-0000-802-22-overview- and-core-technologies.pdf http://www.ieee802.org/22/Technology/22-10-0073-03-0000-802-22-overview- and-core-technologies.pdf 22-10-0054-02-0000_OFDM-based Terrestrial Geolocation.ppt IEEE 802.22 PHY Overview https://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/10/22-10-0106- 00-0000-ieee-802-22-phy-overview.pdfhttps://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/10/22-10-0106- 00-0000-ieee-802-22-phy-overview.pdf IEEE 802.22 MAC Overview - https://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/11/22-11- 0130-02-0000-ieee-802-22-mac-cc-overview.pdfhttps://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/11/22-11- 0130-02-0000-ieee-802-22-mac-cc-overview.pdf IEEE 802.22 Broadband Extension and Monitoring Use Cases - https://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/11/22-11-0073-02-0000-usage-cases-in-802- 22-smart-grid-and-critical-infrastructure-monitoring.ppt https://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/11/22-11-0073-02-0000-usage-cases-in-802- 22-smart-grid-and-critical-infrastructure-monitoring.ppt

75. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Nov. 2011Gwangzeen Ko, ETRI References [1] “Additional text to implement new connection identifier management approach”, 22- 10-0137-02-0000, Aug. 2010. [2] “New connection identifier approach”, 22-09-0112-05-0000, Jul. 2010. [3] “Overview of CBP”, 22-07-0136-00-0000, Apr. 2007. [4] “802.22 Coexistence Aspects ”, 22-10-0121-02-0000, Sep. 2010. [5] “Channel Management in IEEE 802.22 WRAN Systems”, IEEE Communication Magazine, vol.48, No.9, Sep. 2010. [6] “IEEE P802.22-2011: Standard for Wireless Regional Area Networks Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands”, Jul. 2011. [7] “IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks”, 22-10-0073-03-0000, Jun. 2010.

76. doc.: IEEE 802.22-11/0132r03 Submission November 2011 Reference PAR for Enhanced Broadband and Monitoring - https://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/11/22-11-0118-01-rasg- par-for-enhanced-broadband-and-monitoring- amendment.pdf https://mentor.ieee.org/802.22/dcn/11/22-11-0118-01-rasg- par-for-enhanced-broadband-and-monitoring- amendment.pdf 76