1. Settlements Human/Urban Geography

2. What are they? Settlements are purposely grouped and organized clusters of houses and buildings.

3. Historical Approach England has a complex cultural geography 5000 years ago, the earliest settlers left their marks with monuments such as Stonehenge

4. Later the Celts occupied England (ancestors of the Scots, Welsh and Irish) Romans then came and built fortified towns

5. Main gate into York

6. Roman Bath and Abbey

7. Hadrian’s Wall Later Angles and Saxons came and drove the Celtic peoples to northern Britain.

8. Vikings raided the coastal areas and also built settlements

9. In 1066 William of Normandy conquered England. William brought in many French lords and gave them a lot of land for settlement. This led to future contention between England and France which remains today.

10. Henry VIII came along and destroyed the Roman cathedrals This is part of a destroyed cathedral in York (the dissolution of the monasteries)

11. Each of these peoples left an imprint on England and its landscape. This process is called sequent occupance  a process of settlement by successive groups of people in which each group creates a distinctive cultural landscape

12. Local Settlements What are some examples of sequent occupance in the Waterloo region?

13. Paragraph Assignment Consider that Sequent Occupance is reflected by layers of imprints in a cultural landscape that reflect years of differing human activity. Choose any city in the world and write a ½ pg paragraph (approximately 200-300 words) describing the changes in physical and human landscape over the many years of occupancy. Think of: the different groups that occupied the area, how they used the land/resources, how they changed or added to the landscape (physical and human) Due: Tomorrow