1. Barbara Mertin (Austria) Senior Ranger & Beaver Specialist Danube Floodplain Nationalpark Varna / Bulgaria 20.4.2012

3. Definition of Interpretation Principles of Interpretation Learning Concepts Props This & that

4. An educational activity which aims to reveal meanings and relationships through the use of original objects, by firsthand experience, and by illustrative media, rather than simply to communicate factual information. Freeman Tilden

5. Interpretation is relevant to the experience of the visitor Interpretation is revelation based on information Interpretation is an art Interpretation should provoke not simply instruct Interpretation should present a whole, not just a part Interpretation for children should follow a different approach

6. INSIDE : The experience happens in your visitors‘ perceptions, seen by their point of view, created by a combination of their feelings, sensations and prior experiences. You can‘t control this! OUTSIDE: An experience is made up of many seperate pieces outside the visitor. You can control nearly every aspect of this!

12. To understand the parts, we must first see the whole. Unless helped, we often fail to find, see, or comprehend. Discovery makes learning fun.

17. Props

18. Prop A physical aid that strengthens or supports an interpretive message

19. real objects are taken from nature such as feathers, antlers, bones, etc.

20. Models and replicas appear for the more or the less real such as animal sculptures made of plastic, wood or synthetic resin, puppets, cast of animal tracks, etc.

21. 2 D-Art Design such as maps, pictures, diagrams, documents, etc.

22. Instruments & Audio examples such as bird whistles, CD/MP3-Player for demonstrating bird calls, instruments for imitating natural sounds, bat-detector

23. Didactical material Mirrors, magnifying glasses, blindfolds, ropes, rubber stamps, etc.

25. Guided imagery A mental journey that is facilitated, led or described by the interpreter to help visitors experience a situation or scenario that they probably would not by the interpreter to help visitors experience a situation or scenario that they probably would not be able to experience in person be able to experience in person

26. Drama

28. Understanding your audience

29. International Groups

30. Knowing your audience Researching the Resource Connecting Tangibles to Intangibles Defining Universal Concepts

31. Providing people with new perspectives Landscapes have histories and these are contained not only in the soils and fauna, and in the traces of human life, but also in the history of the ways of seeing the Land. Bernard Cohen 1997 Bernard Cohen 1997